Network Working Group T. Narten
Request for Comments: 5226 IBM
BCP: 26 H. Alvestrand
Obsoletes: 2434 Google
Category: Best Current Practice May 2008
Network Working Group T. Narten
Request for Comments: 5226 IBM
BCP: 26 H. Alvestrand
Obsoletes: 2434 Google
Category: Best Current Practice May 2008
Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs
在RFCs中编写IANA注意事项部分的指南
Status of This Memo
关于下段备忘
This document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the Internet Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
本文件规定了互联网社区的最佳现行做法，并要求进行讨论和提出改进建议。本备忘录的分发不受限制。
Abstract
摘要
Many protocols make use of identifiers consisting of constants and other well-known values. Even after a protocol has been defined and deployment has begun, new values may need to be assigned (e.g., for a new option type in DHCP, or a new encryption or authentication transform for IPsec). To ensure that such quantities have consistent values and interpretations across all implementations, their assignment must be administered by a central authority. For IETF protocols, that role is provided by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA).
许多协议使用由常量和其他已知值组成的标识符。即使在定义了协议并开始部署之后，也可能需要分配新的值（例如，对于DHCP中的新选项类型，或者对于IPsec的新加密或身份验证转换）。为了确保这些数量在所有实现中具有一致的值和解释，它们的分配必须由中央机构管理。对于IETF协议，该角色由互联网分配号码管理局（IANA）提供。
In order for IANA to manage a given namespace prudently, it needs guidelines describing the conditions under which new values can be assigned or when modifications to existing values can be made. If IANA is expected to play a role in the management of a namespace, IANA must be given clear and concise instructions describing that role. This document discusses issues that should be considered in formulating a policy for assigning values to a namespace and provides guidelines for authors on the specific text that must be included in documents that place demands on IANA.
为了让IANA谨慎地管理给定的名称空间，它需要一些指导原则来描述在什么情况下可以分配新值，或者什么时候可以修改现有值。如果希望IANA在名称空间的管理中发挥作用，则必须向IANA提供描述该作用的清晰、简洁的说明。本文档讨论了在制定为命名空间分配值的策略时应考虑的问题，并为作者提供了关于特定文本的指南，这些文本必须包含在对IANA提出要求的文档中。
This document obsoletes RFC 2434.
本文件废除RFC 2434。
Table of Contents
目录
1. Introduction ....................................................2
2. Why Management of a Namespace May Be Necessary ..................3
3. Designated Experts ..............................................4
3.1. The Motivation for Designated Experts ......................4
3.2. The Role of the Designated Expert ..........................5
3.3. Designated Expert Reviews ..................................7
4. Creating a Registry .............................................8
4.1. Well-Known IANA Policy Definitions .........................9
4.2. What to Put in Documents That Create a Registry ...........12
4.3. Updating IANA Guidelines for Existing Registries ..........15
5. Registering New Values in an Existing Registry .................15
5.1. What to Put in Documents When Registering Values ..........15
5.2. Updating Registrations ....................................17
5.3. Overriding Registration Procedures ........................17
6. Miscellaneous Issues ...........................................18
6.1. When There Are No IANA Actions ............................18
6.2. Namespaces Lacking Documented Guidance ....................19
6.3. After-the-Fact Registrations ..............................19
6.4. Reclaiming Assigned Values ................................19
7. Appeals ........................................................20
8. Mailing Lists ..................................................20
9. Security Considerations ........................................20
10. Changes Relative to RFC 2434 ..................................21
11. Acknowledgments ...............................................22
12. References ....................................................22
12.1. Normative References .....................................22
12.2. Informative References ...................................22
1. Introduction ....................................................2
2. Why Management of a Namespace May Be Necessary ..................3
3. Designated Experts ..............................................4
3.1. The Motivation for Designated Experts ......................4
3.2. The Role of the Designated Expert ..........................5
3.3. Designated Expert Reviews ..................................7
4. Creating a Registry .............................................8
4.1. Well-Known IANA Policy Definitions .........................9
4.2. What to Put in Documents That Create a Registry ...........12
4.3. Updating IANA Guidelines for Existing Registries ..........15
5. Registering New Values in an Existing Registry .................15
5.1. What to Put in Documents When Registering Values ..........15
5.2. Updating Registrations ....................................17
5.3. Overriding Registration Procedures ........................17
6. Miscellaneous Issues ...........................................18
6.1. When There Are No IANA Actions ............................18
6.2. Namespaces Lacking Documented Guidance ....................19
6.3. After-the-Fact Registrations ..............................19
6.4. Reclaiming Assigned Values ................................19
7. Appeals ........................................................20
8. Mailing Lists ..................................................20
9. Security Considerations ........................................20
10. Changes Relative to RFC 2434 ..................................21
11. Acknowledgments ...............................................22
12. References ....................................................22
12.1. Normative References .....................................22
12.2. Informative References ...................................22
Many protocols make use of fields that contain constants and other well-known values (e.g., the Protocol field in the IP header [IP] or MIME media types [MIME-REG]). Even after a protocol has been defined and deployment has begun, new values may need to be assigned (e.g., a new option type in DHCP [DHCP-OPTIONS] or a new encryption or authentication transform for IPsec [IPSEC]). To ensure that such fields have consistent values and interpretations in different implementations, their assignment must be administered by a central authority. For IETF protocols, that role is provided by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) [IANA-MOU].
许多协议使用包含常量和其他已知值的字段（例如，IP头[IP]或MIME媒体类型[MIME-REG]中的协议字段）。即使在定义了协议并开始部署之后，也可能需要分配新的值（例如，DHCP[DHCP-OPTIONS]中的新选项类型或IPsec[IPsec]的新加密或身份验证转换）。为了确保这些字段在不同的实现中具有一致的值和解释，它们的分配必须由中央机构管理。对于IETF协议，该角色由互联网分配号码管理局（IANA）[IANA-MOU]提供。
In this document, we call the set of possible values for such a field a "namespace"; its actual value may be a text string, a number, or another kind of value. The binding or association of a specific value with a particular purpose within a namespace is called an assigned number (or assigned value, or sometimes a "code point",
在本文档中，我们将此类字段的一组可能值称为“名称空间”；其实际值可以是文本字符串、数字或其他类型的值。命名空间中特定值与特定目的的绑定或关联称为赋值（或赋值，有时称为“代码点”），
"protocol constant", or "protocol parameter"). Each assignment of a value in a namespace is called a registration.
“协议常数”或“协议参数”）。命名空间中值的每个赋值都称为注册。
In order for IANA to manage a given namespace prudently, it needs guidelines describing the conditions under which new values should be assigned or when (and how) modifications to existing values can be made. This document provides guidelines to authors on what sort of text should be added to their documents in order to provide IANA clear guidelines, and it reviews issues that should be considered in formulating an appropriate policy for assigning numbers to name spaces.
为了让IANA谨慎地管理给定的名称空间，它需要指南来描述在什么情况下应该分配新值，或者何时（以及如何）修改现有值。本文件为作者提供了关于应向其文件中添加何种文本的指南，以提供IANA明确的指南，并审查了在制定为名称空间分配数字的适当政策时应考虑的问题。
Not all namespaces require centralized administration. In some cases, it is possible to delegate a namespace in such a way that further assignments can be made independently and with no further (central) coordination. In the Domain Name System, for example, IANA only deals with assignments at the higher levels, while subdomains are administered by the organization to which the space has been delegated. As another example, Object Identifiers (OIDs) as defined by the ITU are also delegated [ASSIGNED]; IANA manages the subtree rooted at "iso.org.dod.internet" (1.3.6.1) . When a namespace is delegated, the scope of IANA is limited to the parts of the namespace where IANA has authority.
并非所有名称空间都需要集中管理。在某些情况下，可以以这样一种方式委托命名空间，即可以独立地进行进一步的分配，而无需进一步的（中心）协调。例如，在域名系统中，IANA只处理更高级别的分配，而子域则由空间被授予的组织管理。作为另一个示例，ITU定义的对象标识符（OID）也被委派[分配]；IANA管理根在“iso.org.dod.internet”（1.3.6.1）上的子树。当一个名称空间被委托时，IANA的作用域仅限于IANA拥有权限的名称空间部分。
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [KEYWORDS]. For this document, "the specification" as used by RFC 2119 refers to the processing of protocol documents within the IETF standards process.
本文件中的关键词“必须”、“不得”、“必需”、“应”、“不应”、“应”、“不应”、“建议”、“可”和“可选”应按照RFC 2119[关键词]中所述进行解释。对于本文件，RFC 2119使用的“规范”指的是IETF标准过程中协议文件的处理。
One issue to consider in managing a namespace is its size. If the space is small and limited in size, assignments must be made carefully to prevent exhaustion of the space. If the space is essentially unlimited, on the other hand, potential exhaustion will probably not be a practical concern at all. Even when the space is essentially unlimited, however, it is usually desirable to have at least a minimal review prior to assignment in order to:
在命名空间管理中要考虑的一个问题是它的大小。如果空间较小且尺寸有限，则必须仔细分配，以防止空间耗尽。另一方面，如果空间基本上是无限的，那么潜在的耗竭可能根本就不是一个实际问题。然而，即使空间基本上是无限的，通常也希望在分配之前至少进行一次最低限度的审查，以便：
- prevent the hoarding of or unnecessary wasting of values. For example, if the space consists of text strings, it may be desirable to prevent entities from obtaining large sets of strings that correspond to desirable names (e.g., existing company names).
- 防止囤积或不必要地浪费价值。例如，如果空格由文本字符串组成，则可能需要防止实体获取与所需名称（例如，现有公司名称）相对应的大型字符串集。
- provide a sanity check that the request actually makes sense and is necessary. Experience has shown that some level of minimal review from a subject matter expert is useful to prevent assignments in cases where the request is malformed or not actually needed (i.e., an existing assignment for an essentially equivalent service already exists).
- 提供一个健全的检查，以确保请求实际上是有意义的，并且是必要的。经验表明，在请求格式不正确或实际不需要的情况下，主题专家进行某种程度的最低限度审查有助于防止指派（即，已经存在实质上等同的服务的现有指派）。
A second consideration is whether it makes sense to delegate the namespace in some manner. This route should be pursued when appropriate, as it lessens the burden on IANA for dealing with assignments.
第二个需要考虑的问题是，以某种方式委托名称空间是否有意义。在适当的情况下，应采用这一路线，因为它减轻了IANA处理任务的负担。
A third, and perhaps most important, consideration concerns potential impact on the interoperability of unreviewed extensions. Proposed protocol extensions generally benefit from community review; indeed, review is often essential to avoid future interoperability problems [PROTOCOL-EXT].
第三个，也许是最重要的一个考虑因素，涉及对未查看扩展的互操作性的潜在影响。提议的协议扩展通常受益于社区审查；事实上，为了避免未来的互操作性问题，审查通常是必不可少的[PROTOCOL-EXT]。
When the namespace is essentially unlimited and there are no potential interoperability issues, assigned numbers can safely be given out to anyone without any subjective review. In such cases, IANA can make assignments directly, provided that IANA is given specific instructions on what types of requests it should grant, and what information must be provided as part of a well-formed request for an assigned number.
当名称空间基本上是无限的，并且没有潜在的互操作性问题时，可以安全地将分配的编号分发给任何人，而无需任何主观审查。在这种情况下，IANA可以直接进行分配，前提是向IANA提供具体指示，说明其应批准哪些类型的请求，以及在格式良好的分配号码请求中必须提供哪些信息。
It should be noted that IANA does not create or define assignment policy itself; rather, it carries out policies that have been defined by others and published in RFCs. IANA must be given a set of guidelines that allow it to make allocation decisions with minimal subjectivity and without requiring any technical expertise with respect to the protocols that make use of a registry.
需要注意的是，IANA本身并不创建或定义分配策略；相反，它执行由其他人定义并在RFC中发布的政策。必须向IANA提供一套指导原则，使其能够以最小的主观性做出分配决策，并且不需要任何关于使用注册的协议的技术专业知识。
In many cases, some review of prospective allocations is appropriate, and the question becomes who should perform the review and what is the purpose of the review. One might think that an IETF working group (WG) familiar with the namespace at hand should be consulted. In practice, however, WGs eventually disband, so they cannot be considered a permanent evaluator. It is also possible for namespaces to be created through individual submission documents, for which no WG is ever formed.
在许多情况下，对预期分配进行一些审查是适当的，问题是谁应该进行审查以及审查的目的是什么。有人可能会认为应该咨询熟悉当前名称空间的IETF工作组（WG）。然而，在实践中，工作组最终解散，因此不能将其视为永久评估人。也可以通过单独的提交文档创建名称空间，但从来没有为其创建工作组。
One way to ensure community review of prospective assignments is to have the requester submit a document for publication as an RFC. Such an action helps ensure that the specification is publicly and permanently available, and it allows some review of the specification prior to publication and assignment of the requested code points. This is the preferred way of ensuring review, and is particularly important if any potential interoperability issues can arise. For example, some assignments are not just assignments, but also involve an element of protocol specification. A new option may define fields that need to be parsed and acted on, which (if specified poorly) may not fit cleanly with the architecture of other options or the base protocols on which they are built.
确保社区对预期任务进行审查的一种方法是让请求者提交一份文件，作为RFC发布。这样的操作有助于确保规范公开且永久可用，并且允许在发布和分配请求的代码点之前对规范进行一些审查。这是确保审查的首选方式，如果可能出现任何潜在的互操作性问题，这一点尤为重要。例如，某些分配不仅仅是分配，还涉及协议规范的一个元素。新选项可能会定义需要解析和处理的字段，这些字段（如果指定得不好）可能不完全适合其他选项的体系结构或构建它们的基本协议。
In some cases, however, the burden of publishing an RFC in order to get an assignment is excessive. However, it is generally still useful (and sometimes necessary) to discuss proposed additions on a mailing list dedicated to the purpose (e.g., the ietf-types@iana.org for media types) or on a more general mailing list (e.g., that of a current or former IETF WG). Such a mailing list provides a way for new registrations to be publicly reviewed prior to getting assigned, or gives advice to persons wanting help in understanding what a proper registration should contain.
然而，在某些情况下，为了获得分配而发布RFC的负担过重。然而，在专门用于此目的的邮件列表（如ietf）上讨论提议的新增内容通常仍然有用（有时是必要的）-types@iana.org对于媒体类型）或更通用的邮件列表（例如，当前或以前的IETF工作组的邮件列表）。这样的邮件列表为新注册提供了一种在被分配之前进行公开审查的方式，或者为需要帮助理解正确注册应该包含哪些内容的人提供建议。
While discussion on a mailing list can provide valuable technical feedback, opinions may vary and discussions may continue for some time without clear resolution. In addition, IANA cannot participate in all of these mailing lists and cannot determine if or when such discussions reach consensus. Therefore, IANA relies on a "designated expert" for advice regarding the specific question of whether an assignment should be made. The designated expert is an individual who is responsible for carrying out an appropriate evaluation and returning a recommendation to IANA.
虽然邮件列表上的讨论可以提供有价值的技术反馈，但意见可能会有所不同，讨论可能会持续一段时间而没有明确的解决方案。此外，IANA无法参与所有这些邮件列表，也无法确定这些讨论是否或何时达成共识。因此，IANA依赖“指定专家”就是否应进行任务的具体问题提供建议。指定专家是负责进行适当评估并向IANA返回建议的个人。
It should be noted that a key motivation for having designated experts is for the IETF to provide IANA with a subject matter expert to whom the evaluation process can be delegated. IANA forwards requests for an assignment to the expert for evaluation, and the expert (after performing the evaluation) informs IANA as to whether or not to make the assignment or registration.
应该注意的是，指定专家的一个关键动机是IETF向IANA提供一名主题专家，评估过程可以委托给该专家。IANA将派遣请求转发给专家进行评估，专家（在执行评估后）通知IANA是否进行派遣或注册。
The designated expert is responsible for initiating and coordinating the appropriate review of an assignment request. The review may be wide or narrow, depending on the situation and the judgment of the designated expert. This may involve consultation with a set of technology experts, discussion on a public mailing list, consultation with a working group (or its mailing list if the working group has
指定专家负责启动和协调任务请求的适当审查。根据情况和指定专家的判断，审查可能是广泛的，也可能是狭窄的。这可能涉及咨询一组技术专家，讨论公共邮件列表，咨询工作组（或其邮件列表，如果工作组有
disbanded), etc. Ideally, the designated expert follows specific review criteria as documented with the protocol that creates or uses the namespace. (See the IANA Considerations sections of [RFC3748] and [RFC3575] for examples that have been done for specific namespaces.)
理想情况下，指定专家遵循创建或使用名称空间的协议中记录的特定审查标准。（请参见[RFC3748]和[RFC3575]中的IANA注意事项部分，以了解针对特定名称空间所做的示例。）
Designated experts are expected to be able to defend their decisions to the IETF community, and the evaluation process is not intended to be secretive or bestow unquestioned power on the expert. Experts are expected to apply applicable documented review or vetting procedures, or in the absence of documented criteria, follow generally accepted norms, e.g., those in Section 3.3.
指定专家应能够向IETF社区捍卫其决定，评估过程不应是秘密的，也不应赋予专家不容置疑的权力。专家应采用适用的书面审查或审查程序，或在没有书面标准的情况下，遵循普遍接受的规范，如第3.3节中的规范。
Section 5.2 discusses disputes and appeals in more detail.
第5.2节更详细地讨论了争议和上诉。
Designated experts are appointed by the IESG (normally upon recommendation by the relevant Area Director). They are typically named at the time a document creating or updating a namespace is approved by the IESG, but as experts originally appointed may later become unavailable, the IESG will appoint replacements if necessary.
指定专家由IESG任命（通常由相关区域主任推荐）。它们通常在创建或更新名称空间的文档获得IESG批准时命名，但由于最初任命的专家可能随后无法获得，IESG将在必要时任命替代者。
For some registries, it has proven useful to have multiple designated experts. Sometimes those experts work together in evaluating a request, while in other cases additional experts serve as backups. In cases of disagreement among those experts, it is the responsibility of those experts to make a single clear recommendation to IANA. It is not appropriate for IANA to resolve disputes among experts. In extreme situations (e.g., deadlock), the IESG may need to step in to resolve the problem.
对一些登记册而言，事实证明有多个指定专家是有用的。有时，这些专家一起评估请求，而在其他情况下，其他专家充当备份。如果这些专家之间存在分歧，则这些专家有责任向IANA提出一个明确的建议。IANA不适合解决专家之间的争议。在极端情况下（如死锁），IESG可能需要介入解决问题。
In registries where a pool of experts evaluates requests, the pool should have a single chair responsible for defining how requests are to be assigned to and reviewed by experts. In some cases, the expert pool may consist of a primary and backups, with the backups involved only when the primary expert is unavailable. In other cases, IANA might assign requests to individual members in sequential or approximate random order. In the event that IANA finds itself having received conflicting advice from its experts, it is the responsibility of the pool's chair to resolve the issue and provide IANA with clear instructions.
在专家组对请求进行评估的登记处，专家组应有一名主席负责确定如何将请求分配给专家并由专家进行审查。在某些情况下，专家池可能由主专家和备份组成，只有在主专家不可用时才涉及备份。在其他情况下，IANA可能会按顺序或近似随机顺序将请求分配给单个成员。如果IANA发现自己从其专家处收到了相互矛盾的建议，则池主席有责任解决该问题并向IANA提供明确的指示。
Since the designated experts are appointed by the IESG, they may be removed by the IESG.
由于指定的专家是由IESG任命的，IESG可能会罢免他们。
In the eight years since RFC 2434 was published and has been put to use, experience has led to the following observations:
自RFC 2434出版并投入使用以来的八年中，经验导致了以下观察结果：
- A designated expert must respond in a timely fashion, normally within a week for simple requests to a few weeks for more complex ones. Unreasonable delays can cause significant problems for those needing assignments, such as when products need code points to ship. This is not to say that all reviews can be completed under a firm deadline, but they must be started, and the requester and IANA should have some transparency into the process if an answer cannot be given quickly.
- 指定专家必须及时做出响应，对于简单的请求，通常在一周内做出响应，对于更复杂的请求，通常在几周内做出响应。不合理的延迟可能会给那些需要分配任务的人带来重大问题，例如当产品需要代码点时。这并不是说所有审查都可以在一个确定的截止日期内完成，但必须开始，如果不能很快给出答案，请求者和IANA应该在这个过程中有一定的透明度。
- If a designated expert does not respond to IANA's requests within a reasonable period of time, either with a response or with a reasonable explanation for the delay (e.g., some requests may be particularly complex), and if this is a recurring event, IANA must raise the issue with the IESG. Because of the problems caused by delayed evaluations and assignments, the IESG should take appropriate actions to ensure that the expert understands and accepts his or her responsibilities, or appoint a new expert.
- 如果指定专家没有在合理的时间内对IANA的请求做出回应，或者对延迟做出合理的解释（例如，某些请求可能特别复杂），并且如果这是一个重复事件，IANA必须向IESG提出该问题。由于评估和任务延迟造成的问题，IESG应采取适当措施确保专家理解并接受其职责，或任命新专家。
- The designated expert is not required to personally bear the burden of evaluating and deciding all requests, but acts as a shepherd for the request, enlisting the help of others as appropriate. In the case that a request is denied, and rejecting the request is likely to be controversial, the expert should have the support of other subject matter experts. That is, the expert must be able to defend a decision to the community as a whole.
- 指定专家不需要亲自承担评估和决定所有请求的责任，而是充当请求的守护者，酌情寻求其他人的帮助。如果请求被拒绝，并且拒绝请求可能会引起争议，专家应得到其他主题专家的支持。也就是说，专家必须能够为整个社区的决定辩护。
In the case where a designated expert is used, but there are no specific documented criteria for performing an evaluation, the presumption should be that a code point should be granted, unless there is a compelling reason to the contrary. Possible reasons to deny a request include:
如果使用了指定的专家，但没有执行评估的具体书面标准，则应假定应授予代码点，除非有令人信服的相反理由。拒绝请求的可能原因包括：
- scarcity of code points, where the finite remaining code points should be prudently managed, or when a request for a large number of code points is made, when a single code point is the norm.
- 代码点稀缺，剩余的有限代码点应谨慎管理，或者当请求大量代码点时，单个代码点是标准。
- documentation is not of sufficient clarity to evaluate or ensure interoperability.
- 文档不够清晰，无法评估或确保互操作性。
- the code point is needed for a protocol extension, but the extension is not consistent with the documented (or generally understood) architecture of the base protocol being extended, and would be harmful to the protocol if widely deployed. It is not the intent that "inconsistencies" refer to minor differences "of a personal preference nature". Instead, they refer to significant differences such as inconsistencies with the underlying security model, implying a change to the semantics of an existing message type or operation, requiring unwarranted changes in deployed systems (compared with alternate ways of achieving a similar result), etc.
- 协议扩展需要代码点，但扩展与被扩展的基本协议的文档化（或普遍理解的）体系结构不一致，如果广泛部署，将对协议有害。“不一致”并非指“个人偏好性质”的细微差异。相反，它们指的是显著的差异，例如与底层安全模型的不一致，意味着对现有消息类型或操作的语义进行更改，需要在部署的系统中进行不必要的更改（与实现类似结果的其他方法相比），等等。
- the extension would cause problems with existing deployed systems.
- 扩展将导致现有已部署系统出现问题。
- the extension would conflict with one under active development by the IETF, and having both would harm rather than foster interoperability.
- 该扩展将与IETF正在积极开发的扩展相冲突，两者兼而有之将损害而不是促进互操作性。
Creating a registry involves describing the namespaces to be created, an initial set of assignments (if appropriate), and guidelines on how future assignments are to be made.
创建注册表涉及描述要创建的名称空间、初始分配集（如果合适）以及关于如何进行未来分配的指导原则。
Once a registry has been created, IANA records assignments that have been made. The following labels describe the status of an individual (or range) of assignments:
创建注册表后，IANA会记录已完成的分配。以下标签描述了单个（或范围）工作分配的状态：
Private Use: Private use only (not assigned), as described in Section 4.1.
私人使用：仅私人使用（未分配），如第4.1节所述。
Experimental: Available for experimental use as described in [EXPERIMENTATION]. IANA does not record specific assignments for any particular use.
实验：可用于[实验]中所述的实验用途。IANA不记录任何特定用途的特定任务。
Unassigned: Unused and available for assignment via documented procedures.
未分配：未使用且可通过文件化程序分配。
Reserved: Not to be assigned. Reserved values are held for special uses, such as to extend the namespace when it become exhausted. Reserved values are not available for general assignment.
保留：不被分配。保留值用于特殊用途，例如在名称空间耗尽时扩展名称空间。保留值不可用于常规分配。
The following are some defined policies, some of which are in use today. These cover a range of typical policies that have been used to date to describe the procedure for assigning new values in a namespace. It is not required that documents use these terms; the actual requirement is that the instructions to IANA are clear and unambiguous. However, use of these terms is RECOMMENDED where possible, since their meaning is widely understood.
以下是一些已定义的策略，其中一些策略目前正在使用。这些策略涵盖了一系列典型的策略，迄今为止，这些策略用于描述在命名空间中分配新值的过程。文件不要求使用这些术语；实际要求是IANA的说明应清晰明确。但是，建议尽可能使用这些术语，因为它们的含义已被广泛理解。
Private Use - For private or local use only, with the type and purpose defined by the local site. No attempt is made to prevent multiple sites from using the same value in different (and incompatible) ways. There is no need for IANA to review such assignments (since IANA does not record them) and assignments are not generally useful for broad interoperability. It is the responsibility of the sites making use of the Private Use range to ensure that no conflicts occur (within the intended scope of use).
私人使用-仅供私人或本地使用，类型和用途由本地站点定义。未尝试阻止多个站点以不同（且不兼容）的方式使用相同的值。IANA无需审查此类分配（因为IANA不记录它们），而且分配通常对广泛的互操作性没有帮助。使用私人使用范围的场所有责任确保不发生冲突（在预期使用范围内）。
Examples: Site-specific options in DHCP [DHCP-IANA], Fibre Channel Port Type Registry [RFC4044], Exchange Types in the IKEv2 header [RFC4306].
示例：DHCP[DHCP-IANA]中的站点特定选项，光纤通道端口类型注册表[RFC4044]，IKEv2头中的交换类型[RFC4306]。
Experimental Use - Similar to private or local use only, with the purpose being to facilitate experimentation. See [EXPERIMENTATION] for details.
实验用途-类似于私人或本地用途，目的是促进实验。有关详细信息，请参见[实验]。
Example: Experimental Values in IPv4, IPv6, ICMPv4, ICMPv6, UDP, and TCP Headers [RFC4727].
示例：IPv4、IPv6、ICMPv4、ICMPv6、UDP和TCP标头中的实验值[RFC4727]。
Hierarchical Allocation - Delegated managers can assign values provided they have been given control over that part of the namespace. IANA controls the higher levels of the namespace according to one of the other policies.
分层分配-委托的管理者可以分配值，前提是他们已获得对命名空间的该部分的控制权。IANA根据其他策略之一控制命名空间的更高级别。
Examples: DNS names, Object Identifiers, IP addresses.
示例：DNS名称、对象标识符、IP地址。
First Come First Served - Assignments are made to anyone on a first come, first served basis. There is no substantive review of the request, other than to ensure that it is well-formed and doesn't duplicate an existing assignment. However, requests must include a minimal amount of clerical information, such as a point of contact (including an email address) and a brief description of how the value will be used. Additional information specific to the type of value requested may also need to be provided, as defined by the namespace. For numbers, the exact value is generally
先到先得-根据先到先得的原则向任何人分配任务。对请求没有实质性审查，只是为了确保请求的格式正确，并且不会与现有任务重复。但是，请求必须包含最低数量的文书信息，例如联系人（包括电子邮件地址）和如何使用价值的简要说明。根据名称空间的定义，可能还需要提供特定于请求的值类型的附加信息。对于数字，准确值通常为
assigned by IANA; with names, specific text strings can usually be requested.
由IANA指定；对于名称，通常可以请求特定的文本字符串。
Examples: SASL mechanism names [RFC4422], LDAP Protocol Mechanisms, and LDAP Syntax [RFC4520].
示例：SASL机制名称[RFC4422]、LDAP协议机制和LDAP语法[RFC4520]。
Expert Review (or Designated Expert) - approval by a Designated Expert is required. The required documentation and review criteria for use by the Designated Expert should be provided when defining the registry. For example, see Sections 6 and 7.2 in [RFC3748].
专家评审（或指定专家）-需要指定专家的批准。在界定登记册时，应提供指定专家使用的必要文件和审查标准。例如，参见[RFC3748]中的第6节和第7.2节。
Examples: EAP Method Types [RFC3748], HTTP Digest AKA algorithm versions [RFC4169], URI schemes [RFC4395], GEOPRIV Location Types [RFC4589].
示例：EAP方法类型[RFC3748]、HTTP摘要AKA算法版本[RFC4169]、URI方案[RFC4395]、GEOPRIV位置类型[RFC4589]。
Specification Required - Values and their meanings must be documented in a permanent and readily available public specification, in sufficient detail so that interoperability between independent implementations is possible. When used, Specification Required also implies use of a Designated Expert, who will review the public specification and evaluate whether it is sufficiently clear to allow interoperable implementations. The intention behind "permanent and readily available" is that a document can reasonably be expected to be findable and retrievable long after IANA assignment of the requested value. Publication of an RFC is an ideal means of achieving this requirement, but Specification Required is intended to also cover the case of a document published outside of the RFC path. For RFC publication, the normal RFC review process is expected to provide the necessary review for interoperability, though the Designated Expert may be a particularly well-qualified person to perform such a review.
所需规范-必须将值及其含义记录在永久且随时可用的公共规范中，并提供足够的详细信息，以便独立实现之间的互操作性成为可能。使用时，所需规范还意味着使用指定的专家，该专家将审查公共规范并评估其是否足够清晰，以允许可互操作的实现。“永久和随时可用”背后的意图是，在IANA分配请求的值之后，可以合理地预期文档可以被查找和检索。RFC的发布是实现此要求的理想方式，但所需规范也旨在涵盖在RFC路径之外发布的文档的情况。对于RFC出版物，正常的RFC审查过程预计将提供必要的互操作性审查，尽管指定专家可能是执行此类审查的特别合格人员。
Examples: Diffserv-aware TE Bandwidth Constraints Model Identifiers [RFC4124], TLS ClientCertificateType Identifiers [RFC4346], ROHC Profile Identifiers [RFC4995].
示例：区分服务感知TE带宽约束模型标识符[RFC4124]、TLS客户端证书类型标识符[RFC4346]、ROHC配置文件标识符[RFC4995]。
RFC Required - RFC publication (either as an IETF submission or as an RFC Editor Independent submission [RFC3932]) suffices. Unless otherwise specified, any type of RFC is sufficient (e.g., Informational, Experimental, Standards Track, etc.).
RFC要求-RFC出版物（作为IETF提交或作为RFC编辑器独立提交[RFC3932]）就足够了。除非另有规定，否则任何类型的RFC都是足够的（例如，信息、实验、标准跟踪等）。
IETF Review - (Formerly called "IETF Consensus" in [IANA-CONSIDERATIONS]) New values are assigned only through RFCs that have been shepherded through the IESG as AD-Sponsored or IETF WG Documents [RFC3932] [RFC3978]. The intention is that the document and proposed assignment will be reviewed by the IESG and appropriate IETF WGs (or experts, if suitable working groups no longer exist) to ensure that the proposed assignment will not negatively impact interoperability or otherwise extend IETF protocols in an inappropriate or damaging manner.
IETF评审-（在[IANA-考虑事项]中以前称为“IETF共识”）新值仅通过已作为AD赞助文件或IETF工作组文件[RFC3932][RFC3978]通过IESG指导的RFC分配。其目的是，IESG和适当的IETF工作组（或专家，如果适当的工作组不再存在）将审查文件和提议的任务，以确保提议的任务不会对互操作性产生负面影响，或以不适当或有害的方式扩展IETF协议。
To ensure adequate community review, such documents are shepherded through the IESG as AD-sponsored (or WG) documents with an IETF Last Call.
为确保充分的社区审查，此类文件通过IESG作为广告赞助（或工作组）文件与IETF最后一次通话一起提供。
Examples: IPSECKEY Algorithm Types [RFC4025], Accounting-Auth-Method AVP values in DIAMETER [RFC4005], TLS Handshake Hello Extensions [RFC4366].
示例：IPSECKEY算法类型[RFC4025]、记帐验证方法AVP直径值[RFC4005]、TLS握手问候扩展[RFC4366]。
Standards Action - Values are assigned only for Standards Track RFCs approved by the IESG.
标准行动-仅为IESG批准的标准跟踪RFC分配值。
Examples: BGP message types [RFC4271], Mobile Node Identifier option types [RFC4283], DCCP Packet Types [RFC4340].
示例：BGP消息类型[RFC4271]、移动节点标识符选项类型[RFC4283]、DCCP数据包类型[RFC4340]。
IESG Approval - New assignments may be approved by the IESG. Although there is no requirement that the request be documented in an RFC, the IESG has discretion to request documents or other supporting materials on a case-by-case basis.
IESG批准-IESG可批准新任务。尽管不要求将请求记录在RFC中，但IESG有权根据具体情况请求文件或其他支持材料。
IESG Approval is not intended to be used often or as a "common case"; indeed, it has seldom been used in practice during the period RFC 2434 was in effect. Rather, it is intended to be available in conjunction with other policies as a fall-back mechanism in the case where one of the other allowable approval mechanisms cannot be employed in a timely fashion or for some other compelling reason. IESG Approval is not intended to circumvent the public review processes implied by other policies that could have been employed for a particular assignment. IESG Approval would be appropriate, however, in cases where expediency is desired and there is strong consensus for making the assignment (e.g., WG consensus).
IESG批准不打算经常使用或作为“常见情况”；事实上，在RFC 2434生效期间，很少在实践中使用。相反，当其他允许的批准机制之一无法及时使用或由于其他一些强制性原因无法使用时，它将与其他政策一起作为一种后备机制提供。IESG的批准并不是为了规避可能用于特定任务的其他政策暗示的公共审查流程。然而，如果需要权宜之计，且达成强烈的转让共识（例如，工作组共识），IESG的批准将是适当的。
The following guidelines are suggested for any evaluation under IESG Approval:
以下指南适用于IESG批准的任何评估：
- The IESG can (and should) reject a request if another path for registration is available that is more appropriate and there is no compelling reason to use that path.
- 如果有另一条更合适的注册路径，并且没有令人信服的理由使用该路径，IESG可以（也应该）拒绝请求。
- Before approving a request, the community should be consulted, via a "call for comments" that provides as much information as is reasonably possible about the request.
- 在批准请求之前，应通过“征求意见”咨询社区，提供尽可能多的有关请求的信息。
Examples: IPv4 Multicast address assignments [RFC3171], IPv4 IGMP Type and Code values [RFC3228], Mobile IPv6 Mobility Header Type and Option values [RFC3775].
示例：IPv4多播地址分配[RFC3171]、IPv4 IGMP类型和代码值[RFC3228]、移动IPv6移动头类型和选项值[RFC3775]。
It should be noted that it often makes sense to partition a namespace into multiple categories, with assignments within each category handled differently. For example, many protocols now partition namespaces into two (or even more) parts, where one range is reserved for Private or Experimental Use, while other ranges are reserved for globally unique assignments assigned following some review process. Dividing a namespace into ranges makes it possible to have different policies in place for different ranges.
应该注意的是，将名称空间划分为多个类别通常是有意义的，每个类别中的分配处理方式不同。例如，许多协议现在将名称空间划分为两个（甚至更多）部分，其中一个范围保留供私人或实验使用，而其他范围保留供在某些审查过程之后分配的全局唯一分配。将名称空间划分为多个范围可以为不同的范围制定不同的策略。
Examples: LDAP [RFC4520], Pseudowire Edge to Edge Emulation (PWE3) [RFC4446].
示例：LDAP[RFC4520]，伪线边到边仿真（PWE3）[RFC4446]。
The previous sections presented some issues that should be considered in formulating a policy for assigning values in namespaces. It is the working group and/or document author's job to formulate an appropriate policy and specify it in the appropriate document. In almost all cases, having an explicit "IANA Considerations" section is appropriate. The following and later sections define what is needed for the different types of IANA actions.
前几节介绍了在制定在名称空间中分配值的策略时应考虑的一些问题。工作组和/或文件作者的工作是制定适当的政策，并在适当的文件中加以规定。在几乎所有情况下，有一个明确的“IANA注意事项”部分是合适的。以下和后续章节定义了不同类型的IANA操作所需的内容。
Documents that create a new namespace (or modify the definition of an existing space) and that expect IANA to play a role in maintaining that space (e.g., serving as a repository for registered values) MUST provide clear instructions on details of the namespace. In particular, instructions MUST include:
创建新名称空间（或修改现有空间的定义）以及希望IANA在维护该空间中发挥作用（例如，充当注册值的存储库）的文档必须提供有关名称空间详细信息的明确说明。特别是，说明必须包括：
1) The name of the registry (or sub-registry) being created and/or maintained. The name will appear on the IANA web page and will be referred to in future documents that need to allocate a value from the new space. The full name (and abbreviation, if appropriate) should be provided. It is highly desirable that
1) 正在创建和/或维护的注册表（或子注册表）的名称。该名称将出现在IANA网页上，并将在将来需要从新空间分配值的文档中引用。应提供全名（以及缩写，如适用）。这是非常可取的
the chosen name not be easily confusable with the name of another registry. When creating a sub-registry, the registry that it is a part of should be clearly identified. When referring to an already existing registry, providing a URL to precisely identify the registry is helpful. All such URLs, however, will be removed from the RFC prior to final publication. For example, documents could contain: [TO BE REMOVED: This registration should take place at the following location: http://www.iana.org/assignments/foobar-registry]
所选名称不容易与另一个注册表的名称混淆。创建子注册表时，应清楚标识它所属的注册表。当引用一个已经存在的注册表时，提供一个URL来精确标识注册表是很有帮助的。但是，在最终发布之前，将从RFC中删除所有此类URL。例如，文档可能包含：[要删除：此注册应在以下位置进行：http://www.iana.org/assignments/foobar-registry]
2) What information must be provided as part of a request in order to assign a new value. This information may include the need to document relevant security considerations, if any.
2) 为了分配新值，必须在请求中提供哪些信息。这些信息可能包括需要记录相关安全注意事项（如有）。
3) The review process that will apply to all future requests for a value from the namespace.
3) 将应用于将来对命名空间中的值的所有请求的审阅过程。
Note: When a Designated Expert is used, documents MUST NOT name the Designated Expert in the document itself; instead, the name should be relayed to the appropriate Area Director at the time the document is sent to the IESG for approval.
注：当使用指定专家时，文件不得在文件中指定指定专家；相反，在将文件发送给IESG审批时，应将该名称转发给相应的区域主管。
If the request should also be reviewed on a specific public mailing list (such as the ietf-types@iana.org for media types), that mailing address should be specified. Note, however, that when mailing lists are specified, the requirement for a Designated Expert MUST also be specified (see Section 3).
是否还应在特定的公共邮件列表（如ietf）上审查请求-types@iana.org对于媒体类型），应指定该邮寄地址。但是，请注意，当指定邮寄名单时，还必须指定指定专家的要求（见第3节）。
If IANA is expected to make assignments without requiring an outside review, sufficient guidance MUST be provided so that the requests can be evaluated with minimal subjectivity.
如果IANA希望在不需要外部审查的情况下完成任务，则必须提供足够的指导，以便能够以最小的主观性评估请求。
4) The size, format, and syntax of registry entries. When creating a new name/number space, authors must describe any technical requirements on registry (and sub-registry) values (e.g., valid ranges for integers, length limitations on strings, etc.) as well as the exact format in which registry values should be displayed. For number assignments, one should specify whether values are to be recorded in decimal, hexadecimal, or some other format. For strings, the encoding format should be specified (e.g., ASCII, UTF8, etc.). Authors should also clearly specify what fields to record in the registry.
4) 注册表项的大小、格式和语法。在创建新的名称/数字空间时，作者必须描述注册表（和子注册表）值的任何技术要求（例如，整数的有效范围、字符串的长度限制等）以及注册表值的确切显示格式。对于数字赋值，应该指定值是以十进制、十六进制还是其他格式记录。对于字符串，应指定编码格式（例如，ASCII、UTF8等）。作者还应明确指定在注册表中记录哪些字段。
5) Initial assignments and reservations. Clear instructions should be provided to identify any initial assignments or registrations. In addition, any ranges that are to be reserved
5) 最初的任务和预定。应提供明确说明，以确定任何初始分配或注册。此外，任何要保留的范围
for "Private Use", "Reserved", "Unassigned", etc. should be clearly indicated.
对于“私人使用”，应明确注明“保留”、“未分配”等。
When specifying the process for making future assignments, it is quite acceptable to pick one (or more) of the example policies listed in Section 4.1 and refer to it by name. Indeed, this is the preferred mechanism in those cases where the sample policies provide the desired level of review. It is also acceptable to cite one of the above policies and include additional guidelines for what kind of considerations should be taken into account by the review process. For example, RADIUS [RFC3575] specifies the use of a Designated Expert, but includes specific additional criteria the Designated Expert should follow.
在指定未来分配的流程时，可以从第4.1节中列出的示例策略中选择一个（或多个）并按名称引用。事实上，在样本政策提供所需审查级别的情况下，这是首选机制。也可以引用上述政策之一，并就审查过程中应考虑的考虑事项提供补充指南。例如，RADIUS[RFC3575]规定了指定专家的使用，但包括指定专家应遵循的特定附加标准。
For example, a document could say something like:
例如，文档可能会说：
This document defines a new DHCP option, entitled "FooBar" (see Section y), assigned a value of TBD1 from the DHCP Option space [to be removed upon publication: http://www.iana.org/assignments/bootp-dhcp-parameters] [DHCP-OPTIONS] [DHCP-IANA]:
本文档定义了一个名为“FooBar”（参见第y节）的新DHCP选项，该选项从DHCP选项空间中分配了一个TBD1值[在发布时删除：http://www.iana.org/assignments/bootp-dhcp-parameters][DHCP-OPTIONS][DHCP-IANA]：
Data
Tag Name Length Meaning
---- ---- ------ -------
TBD1 FooBar N FooBar server
Data
Tag Name Length Meaning
---- ---- ------ -------
TBD1 FooBar N FooBar server
The FooBar option also defines an 8-bit FooType field, for which IANA is to create and maintain a new sub-registry entitled "FooType values" under the FooBar option. Initial values for the DHCP FooBar FooType registry are given below; future assignments are to be made through Expert Review [IANA-CONSIDERATIONS]. Assignments consist of a DHCP FooBar FooType name and its associated value.
FooBar选项还定义了一个8位FooType字段，IANA将为该字段在FooBar选项下创建并维护一个名为“FooType values”的新子注册表。DHCP FooBar FooType注册表的初始值如下所示；未来的任务将通过专家评审[IANA-考虑因素]完成。分配由DHCP FooBar FooType名称及其关联值组成。
Value DHCP FooBar FooType Name Definition
---- ------------------------ ----------
0 Reserved
1 Frobnitz See Section y.1
2 NitzFrob See Section y.2
3-254 Unassigned
255 Reserved
Value DHCP FooBar FooType Name Definition
---- ------------------------ ----------
0 Reserved
1 Frobnitz See Section y.1
2 NitzFrob See Section y.2
3-254 Unassigned
255 Reserved
For examples of documents that provide detailed guidance to IANA on the issue of assigning numbers, consult [RFC2929], [RFC3575], [RFC3968], and [RFC4520].
有关向IANA提供关于分配编号问题详细指导的文件示例，请参阅[RFC2929]、[RFC3575]、[RFC3968]和[RFC4520]。
Updating the registration process for an already existing (i.e., previously created) namespace (whether created explicitly or implicitly) follows a process similar to that used when creating a new namespace. That is, a document is produced that makes reference to the existing namespace and then provides detailed guidelines for handling assignments in each individual namespace. Such documents are normally processed as Best Current Practices (BCPs) [IETF-PROCESS].
更新已存在（即先前创建的）命名空间（无论是显式创建还是隐式创建）的注册过程遵循与创建新命名空间时使用的过程类似的过程。也就是说，生成一个引用现有名称空间的文档，然后提供处理每个单独名称空间中的分配的详细指南。此类文件通常作为最佳现行做法（BCP）[IETF-PROCESS]进行处理。
Example documents that updated the guidelines for managing (then) pre-existing registries include: [RFC2929], [RFC3228], and [RFC3575].
更新管理（当时）现有注册中心指南的示例文档包括：[RFC2929]、[RFC3228]和[RFC3575]。
Often, documents request an assignment from an already existing namespace (i.e., one created by a previously published RFC). In such cases:
通常，文档请求从已经存在的名称空间（即，由以前发布的RFC创建的名称空间）分配。在这种情况下：
- Documents should clearly identify the namespace in which each value is to be registered. If the registration goes into a sub-registry, the author should clearly describe where the assignment or registration should go. It is helpful to use the exact namespace name as listed on the IANA web page (and defining RFC), and cite the RFC where the namespace is defined.
- 文档应该清楚地标识要在其中注册每个值的名称空间。如果登记进入次级登记处，提交人应明确说明转让或登记的去向。使用IANA网页上列出的确切名称空间名称（以及定义RFC）并引用定义名称空间的RFC是很有帮助的。
Note 1: There is no need to mention what the assignment policy for new assignments is, as that should be clear from the references.
注1：无需提及新作业的作业政策，因为参考资料中应清楚说明。
Note 2: When referring to an existing registry, providing a URL to precisely identify the registry is helpful. Such URLs, however, should usually be removed from the RFC prior to final publication, since IANA URLs are not guaranteed to be stable in the future. In cases where it is important to include a URL in the document, IANA should concur on its inclusion.
注2：在引用现有注册表时，提供URL以精确标识注册表是很有帮助的。然而，这些URL通常应该在最终发布之前从RFC中删除，因为IANA URL不能保证将来是稳定的。如果在文档中包含URL很重要，IANA应同意将其包含在内。
As an example, documents could contain: [TO BE REMOVED: This
registration should take place at the following location:
http://www.iana.org/assignments/foobar-registry]
As an example, documents could contain: [TO BE REMOVED: This
registration should take place at the following location:
http://www.iana.org/assignments/foobar-registry]
- Each value requested should be given a unique reference. When the value is numeric, use the notation: TBD1, TBD2, etc. Throughout the document where an actual IANA-assigned value should be filled in, use the "TBDx" notation. This helps ensure
- 应为每个请求的值提供唯一的引用。当值为数字时，使用符号：TBD1、TBD2等。在整个文档中，如果需要填写实际IANA赋值，则使用“TBDx”符号。这有助于确保
that the final RFC has the correct assigned values inserted in all of the relevant places where the value is expected to appear in the final document. For values that are text strings, a specific name can be suggested. IANA will normally assign the name, unless it conflicts with a name already in use.
最终RFC在所有相关位置插入了正确的指定值，该值预计将出现在最终文档中。对于文本字符串的值，可以建议使用特定名称。IANA通常会分配名称，除非它与已在使用的名称冲突。
- Normally, the values to be used are chosen by IANA and documents should specify values of "TBD". However, in some cases, a value may have been used for testing or in early implementations. In such cases, it is acceptable to include text suggesting what specific value should be used (together with the reason for the choice). For example, one might include the text "the value XXX is suggested as it is used in implementations". However, it should be noted that suggested values are just that; IANA will attempt to assign them, but may find that impossible, if the proposed number has already been assigned for some other use.
- 通常，使用的值由IANA选择，文件应指定“待定”值。但是，在某些情况下，值可能已用于测试或早期实现。在这种情况下，可以包含建议应使用何种特定值的文本（以及选择的原因）。例如，可以包含文本“值XXX在实现中使用时建议使用”。然而，应注意的是，建议值仅为：；IANA将尝试分配这些号码，但如果提议的号码已分配给其他用途，则可能会发现这是不可能的。
For some registries, IANA has a long-standing policy prohibiting assignment of names or codes on a vanity or organization name basis, e.g., codes are always assigned sequentially unless there is a strong reason for making an exception. Nothing in this document is intended to change those policies or prevent their future application.
对于一些登记处，IANA有一项长期的政策，禁止在虚荣或组织名称的基础上分配名称或代码，例如，除非有充分理由作出例外，否则代码总是按顺序分配。本文件中的任何内容均无意更改这些政策或阻止其未来应用。
- The IANA Considerations section should summarize all of the IANA actions, with pointers to the relevant sections elsewhere in the document as appropriate. When multiple values are requested, it is generally helpful to include a summary table. It is also helpful for this table to be in the same format as it should appear on the IANA web site. For example:
- IANA注意事项部分应总结所有IANA行动，并在适当的情况下指向文档其他地方的相关部分。当请求多个值时，包含一个汇总表通常很有帮助。此表的格式与IANA网站上显示的格式相同也很有帮助。例如：
Value Description Reference
-------- ------------------- ---------
TBD1 Foobar [RFCXXXX]
Value Description Reference
-------- ------------------- ---------
TBD1 Foobar [RFCXXXX]
Note: In cases where authors feel that including the full table is too verbose or repetitive, authors should still include the table, but may include a note asking that the table be removed prior to publication of the final RFC.
注：如果作者认为包括完整表格过于冗长或重复，作者仍应包括该表格，但可能包括要求在发布最终RFC之前删除该表格的注释。
As an example, the following text could be used to request assignment of a DHCPv6 option number:
例如，以下文本可用于请求分配DHCPv6选项号：
IANA has assigned an option code value of TBD1 to the DNS Recursive Name Server option and an option code value of TBD2 to the Domain Search List option from the DHCP option code space defined in Section 24.3 of RFC 3315.
IANA已从RFC 3315第24.3节中定义的DHCP选项代码空间，将选项代码值TBD1分配给DNS递归名称服务器选项，将选项代码值TBD2分配给域搜索列表选项。
Registrations are a request to assign a new value, including the related information needed to evaluate and document the request. Even after a number has been assigned, some types of registrations contain additional information that may need to be updated over time. For example, MIME media types, character sets, and language tags, etc. typically include more information than just the registered value itself. Example information can include point-of-contact information, security issues, pointers to updates, literature references, etc. In such cases, the document defining the namespace must clearly state who is responsible for maintaining and updating a registration. In different cases, it may be appropriate to specify one or more of the following:
注册是分配新值的请求，包括评估和记录请求所需的相关信息。即使在分配了号码之后，某些类型的注册也包含可能需要随时间更新的附加信息。例如，MIME媒体类型、字符集和语言标记等通常包含比注册值本身更多的信息。示例信息可以包括联系人信息、安全问题、更新指针、文献参考等。在这种情况下，定义名称空间的文档必须明确说明谁负责维护和更新注册。在不同情况下，可能适合指定以下一项或多项：
- Let the author update the registration, subject to the same constraints and review as with new registrations.
- 让作者更新注册，受与新注册相同的约束和审查。
- Allow some mechanism to attach comments to the registration, for cases where others have significant objections to claims in a registration, but the author does not agree to change the registration.
- 如果其他人对登记中的主张有重大异议，但提交人不同意更改登记，则允许某些机制对登记附加评论。
- Designate the IESG, a Designated Expert, or another entity as having the right to change the registrant associated with a registration and any requirements or conditions on doing so. This is mainly to get around the problem when a registrant cannot be reached in order to make necessary updates.
- 指定IESG、指定专家或其他实体有权更改与注册相关的注册人以及任何相关要求或条件。这主要是为了在无法联系到注册人以进行必要的更新时解决问题。
Since RFC 2434 was published, experience has shown that the documented IANA considerations for individual protocols do not always adequately cover the reality after the protocol is deployed. For example, many older routing protocols do not have documented, detailed IANA considerations. In addition, documented IANA considerations are sometimes found to be too stringent to allow even working group documents (for which there is strong consensus) to obtain code points from IANA in advance of actual RFC publication. In other cases, the documented procedures are unclear or neglected to cover all the cases. In order to allow assignments in individual cases where there is strong IETF consensus that an allocation should go forward, but the documented procedures do not support such an assignment, the IESG is granted authority to approve assignments in such cases. The intention is not to overrule properly documented procedures, or to obviate the need for protocols to properly document their IANA considerations. Instead, the intention is to permit assignments in individual cases where it is obvious that the
自RFC 2434发布以来，经验表明，记录在案的各个协议的IANA注意事项并不总是充分涵盖协议部署后的实际情况。例如，许多较旧的路由协议都没有详细的IANA注意事项文档。此外，有时发现记录在案的IANA注意事项过于严格，以至于工作组文件（对此有强烈的共识）都无法在实际RFC发布之前从IANA获得代码点。在其他情况下，文件化的程序不清楚或忽略了所有案例。为了允许在IETF一致认为应继续分配但文件化程序不支持此类分配的个别情况下进行分配，IESG有权批准此类情况下的分配。其目的不是否决适当记录的程序，或避免协议需要适当记录其IANA注意事项。相反，其目的是允许在个别情况下进行分配，在这些情况下
assignment should just be made, but updating the IANA process just to assign a particular code point is viewed as too heavy a burden.
应该只进行分配，但是仅仅为了分配一个特定的代码点而更新IANA过程被认为是一个过重的负担。
In general, the IETF would like to see deficient IANA registration procedures for a namespace revised through the IETF standards process, but not at the cost of unreasonable delay for needed assignments. If the IESG has had to take the action in this section, it is a strong indicator that the IANA registration procedures should be updated, possibly in parallel with ongoing protocol work.
总的来说，IETF希望看到通过IETF标准流程修改名称空间的IANA注册程序存在缺陷，但不会以不合理的延迟为代价。如果IESG必须在本节中采取行动，则强烈表明IANA注册程序应该更新，可能与正在进行的协议工作同时更新。
Before an Internet-Draft can be published as an RFC, IANA needs to know what actions (if any) it needs to perform. Experience has shown that it is not always immediately obvious whether a document has no IANA actions, without reviewing the document in some detail. In order to make it clear to IANA that it has no actions to perform (and that the author has consciously made such a determination), such documents should include an IANA Considerations section that states:
在互联网草案可以作为RFC发布之前，IANA需要知道它需要执行哪些操作（如果有）。经验表明，如果没有对文档进行详细审查，文档是否没有IANA操作并不总是显而易见的。为了向IANA明确说明其无需采取任何行动（且作者有意识地做出了此类决定），此类文件应包括IANA注意事项部分，其中说明：
This document has no IANA actions.
本文档没有IANA操作。
This statement, or an equivalent, must only be inserted after the WG or individual submitter has carefully verified it to be true. Using such wording as a matter of "boilerplate" or without careful consideration can lead to incomplete or incorrect IANA actions being performed.
本声明或同等声明必须在工作组或个人提交人仔细核实其真实性后插入。将此类措辞作为“样板文件”或未经仔细考虑，可能会导致执行不完整或不正确的IANA行动。
If a specification makes use of values from a namespace that is not managed by IANA, it may be useful to note this fact, e.g., with wording such as:
如果规范使用了IANA未管理的名称空间中的值，注意这一事实可能会很有用，例如，使用以下措辞：
The values of the Foobar parameter are assigned by the Barfoo registry on behalf of the Rabfoo Forum. Therefore, this document has no IANA actions.
Foobar参数的值由Barfoo注册表代表Rabfoo论坛分配。因此，本文件没有IANA行动。
In some cases, the absence of IANA-assigned values may be considered valuable information for future readers; in other cases, it may be considered of no value once the document has been approved, and may be removed before archival publication. This choice should be made clear in the draft, for example, by including a sentence such as
在某些情况下，缺少IANA赋值可能被认为是未来读者的有价值信息；在其他情况下，一旦文件获得批准，它可能被视为没有价值，并可能在存档发布之前被删除。这一选择应该在草案中明确，例如，包括以下句子：
[RFC Editor: please remove this section prior to publication.]
[RFC编辑：请在发布前删除此部分。]
or
或
[RFC Editor: please do not remove this section.]
[RFC编辑器：请不要删除此部分。]
For all existing RFCs that either explicitly or implicitly rely on IANA to evaluate assignments without specifying a precise evaluation policy, IANA (in consultation with the IESG) will continue to decide what policy is appropriate. Changes to existing policies can always be initiated through the normal IETF consensus process.
对于所有显式或隐式依赖IANA评估任务而未指定精确评估政策的现有RFC，IANA（与IESG协商）将继续决定什么政策是合适的。对现有政策的更改始终可以通过正常的IETF协商一致过程启动。
All future RFCs that either explicitly or implicitly rely on IANA to register or otherwise manage namespace assignments MUST provide guidelines for managing the namespace.
未来所有显式或隐式依赖IANA注册或以其他方式管理命名空间分配的RFC必须提供管理命名空间的指南。
Occasionally, IANA becomes aware that an unassigned value from a managed namespace is in use on the Internet or that an assigned value is being used for a different purpose than originally registered. IANA will not condone such misuse; i.e., procedures of the type described in this document MUST be applied to such cases. In the absence of specifications to the contrary, values may only be reassigned for a different purpose with the consent of the original assignee (when possible) and with due consideration of the impact of such a reassignment. In cases of likely controversy, consultation with the IESG is advised.
有时，IANA会意识到托管命名空间中的未分配值正在Internet上使用，或者分配的值用于与最初注册的不同的目的。IANA不会容忍这种滥用行为；i、 e.本文件所述类型的程序必须适用于此类情况。在没有相反规定的情况下，只有在征得原受让人同意（如有可能）并适当考虑此类重新分配的影响的情况下，才能为不同的目的重新分配价值。如果可能存在争议，建议咨询IESG。
Reclaiming previously assigned values for reuse is tricky, because doing so can lead to interoperability problems with deployed systems still using the assigned values. Moreover, it can be extremely difficult to determine the extent of deployment of systems making use of a particular value. However, in cases where the namespace is running out of unassigned values and additional ones are needed, it may be desirable to attempt to reclaim unused values. When reclaiming unused values, the following (at a minimum) should be considered:
回收以前分配的值以供重用是一件棘手的事情，因为这样做会导致部署的系统仍然使用分配的值时出现互操作性问题。此外，确定使用特定价值的系统的部署程度可能非常困难。但是，如果名称空间没有未分配的值，并且需要其他值，则可能需要尝试回收未使用的值。回收未使用的值时，应考虑以下（至少）：
- Attempts should be made to contact the original party to which a value is assigned, to determine if the value was ever used, and if so, the extent of deployment. (In some cases, products were never shipped or have long ceased being used. In other cases, it may be known that a value was never actually used at all.)
- 应尝试联系分配值的原始方，以确定是否使用过该值，如果使用过，部署的范围。（在某些情况下，产品从未发货或长期停止使用。在其他情况下，可能知道价值从未实际使用过。）
- Reassignments should not normally be made without the concurrence of the original requester. Reclamation under such conditions should only take place where there is strong evidence that a value is not widely used, and the need to reclaim the value outweighs the cost of a hostile reclamation. In any case, IESG Approval is needed in this case.
- 未经原始请求者同意，通常不应进行重新分配。只有在有确凿证据表明某一价值未被广泛使用，且回收价值的需要超过恶意回收的成本时，才应在此类条件下进行回收。在任何情况下，在这种情况下都需要IESG的批准。
- It may be appropriate to write up the proposed action and solicit comments from relevant user communities. In some cases, it may be appropriate to write an RFC that goes through a formal IETF process (including IETF Last Call) as was done when DHCP reclaimed some of its "Private Use" options [RFC3942].
- 可能适合写下提议的行动，并征求相关用户社区的意见。在某些情况下，编写一个经过正式IETF过程（包括IETF最后一次调用）的RFC可能是合适的，就像DHCP回收其一些“私人使用”选项时所做的那样[RFC3942]。
Appeals of registration decisions made by IANA can be made using the normal IETF appeals process as described in Section 6.5 of [IETF-PROCESS]. Specifically, appeals should be directed to the IESG, followed (if necessary) by an appeal to the IAB, etc.
IANA做出的注册决定的上诉可以使用[IETF-process]第6.5节所述的正常IETF上诉程序进行。具体而言，上诉应直接向IESG提出，然后（如有必要）向IAB提出上诉等。
All IETF mailing lists associated with evaluating or discussing assignment requests as described in this document are subject to whatever rules of conduct and methods of list management are currently defined by Best Current Practices or by IESG decision.
本文件中描述的与评估或讨论任务请求相关的所有IETF邮件列表均受当前最佳实践或IESG决策中定义的任何行为规则和列表管理方法的约束。
Information that creates or updates a registration needs to be authenticated and authorized. IANA updates registries according to instructions in published RFCs and from the IESG. It also may accept clarifications from document authors, relevant WG chairs, Designated Experts, and mail list participants, too.
创建或更新注册的信息需要经过身份验证和授权。IANA根据已发布的RFC和IESG中的说明更新注册表。它还可以接受文件作者、相关工作组主席、指定专家和邮件列表参与者的澄清。
Information concerning possible security vulnerabilities of a protocol may change over time. Likewise, security vulnerabilities related to how an assigned number is used (e.g., if it identifies a protocol) may change as well. As new vulnerabilities are discovered, information about such vulnerabilities may need to be attached to existing registrations, so that users are not misled as to the true security issues surrounding the use of a registered number.
有关协议可能存在的安全漏洞的信息可能会随时间而变化。同样，与分配号码的使用方式相关的安全漏洞（例如，如果它标识了协议）也可能会发生变化。当发现新的漏洞时，可能需要将有关此类漏洞的信息附加到现有注册中，这样用户就不会被误导到使用注册号码的真正安全问题上。
An analysis of security issues is generally required for all protocols that make use of parameters (data types, operation codes, keywords, etc.) used in IETF protocols or registered by IANA. Such security considerations are usually included in the protocol document [RFC3552]. It is the responsibility of the IANA considerations
对于使用IETF协议中使用的或IANA注册的参数（数据类型、操作代码、关键字等）的所有协议，通常需要对安全问题进行分析。此类安全注意事项通常包含在协议文件[RFC3552]中。这是IANA的责任
associated with a particular registry to specify what (if any) security considerations must be provided when assigning new values, and the process for reviewing such claims.
与特定注册表关联，以指定在分配新值时必须提供哪些（如果有）安全注意事项，以及审查此类声明的过程。
Changes include:
变化包括：
- Major reordering of text to expand descriptions and to better group topics such as "updating registries" vs. "creating new registries", in order to make it easier for authors to find the text most applicable to their needs.
- 对文本进行主要的重新排序，以扩展描述并更好地分组主题，如“更新注册表”与“创建新注册表”，以便作者更容易找到最适合其需要的文本。
- Numerous editorial changes to improve readability.
- 为提高可读性而进行的大量编辑修改。
- Changed the term "IETF Consensus" to "IETF Review" and added more clarifications. History has shown that people see the words "IETF Consensus" (without consulting the actual definition) and are quick to make incorrect assumptions about what the term means in the context of IANA Considerations.
- 将术语“IETF共识”更改为“IETF审查”，并添加了更多澄清。历史表明，人们看到“IETF共识”一词（未参考实际定义）时，很快就会对IANA考虑中该词的含义做出错误的假设。
- Added "RFC Required" to list of defined policies.
- 在已定义策略列表中添加了“需要RFC”。
- Much more explicit directions and examples of "what to put in RFCs".
- “在RFC中放置什么”的更明确的说明和示例。
- "Specification Required" now implies use of a Designated Expert to evaluate specs for sufficient clarity.
- “所需规范”现在意味着使用指定专家评估规范，以获得足够的清晰度。
- Significantly changed the wording in Section 3. Main purpose is to make clear that Expert Reviewers are accountable to the community, and to provide some guidance for review criteria in the default case.
- 第3节中的措辞发生了重大变化。主要目的是明确专家评审员对社区负责，并为默认情况下的评审标准提供一些指导。
- Changed wording to remove any special appeals path. The normal RFC 2026 appeals path is used.
- 更改措辞以删除任何特殊上诉路径。使用正常RFC 2026上诉路径。
- Added a section about reclaiming unused value.
- 添加了一个关于回收未使用价值的部分。
- Added a section on after-the-fact registrations.
- 增加了关于事后登记的一节。
- Added a section indicating that mailing lists used to evaluate possible assignments (e.g., by a Designated Expert) are subject to normal IETF rules.
- 增加了一节，指出用于评估可能的任务（例如，由指定专家）的邮件列表受正常IETF规则的约束。
This document has benefited from specific feedback from Jari Arkko, Marcelo Bagnulo Braun, Brian Carpenter, Michelle Cotton, Spencer Dawkins, Barbara Denny, Miguel Garcia, Paul Hoffman, Russ Housley, John Klensin, Allison Mankin, Blake Ramsdell, Mark Townsley, Magnus Westerlund, and Bert Wijnen.
本文件得益于贾里·阿尔科、马塞洛·巴格努洛·布劳恩、布赖恩·卡彭特、米歇尔·科顿、斯宾塞·道金斯、芭芭拉·丹尼、米格尔·加西亚、保罗·霍夫曼、罗斯·霍斯利、约翰·克莱辛、埃里森·曼金、布莱克·拉姆斯代尔、马克·汤斯利、马格纳斯·韦斯特隆德和伯特·维恩的具体反馈。
The original acknowledgments section in RFC 2434 was:
RFC 2434中的原始确认部分为：
Jon Postel and Joyce Reynolds provided a detailed explanation on what IANA needs in order to manage assignments efficiently, and patiently provided comments on multiple versions of this document. Brian Carpenter provided helpful comments on earlier versions of the document. One paragraph in the Security Considerations section was borrowed from [MIME-REG].
Jon Postel和Joyce Reynolds详细解释了IANA需要什么才能有效地管理任务，并耐心地对本文档的多个版本发表了评论。Brian Carpenter对文档的早期版本提供了有用的评论。安全注意事项部分的一段是从[MIME-REG]借用的。
[KEYWORDS] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[关键词]Bradner，S.，“RFC中用于表示需求水平的关键词”，BCP 14，RFC 2119，1997年3月。
[ASSIGNED] Reynolds, J., Ed., "Assigned Numbers: RFC 1700 is Replaced by an On-line Database", RFC 3232, January 2002.
[指定]Reynolds，J.，Ed.，“指定号码：RFC 1700被在线数据库取代”，RFC 3232，2002年1月。
[DHCP-OPTIONS] Alexander, S. and R. Droms, "DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor Extensions", RFC 2132, March 1997.
[DHCP-OPTIONS]Alexander，S.和R.Droms，“DHCP选项和BOOTP供应商扩展”，RFC 21321997年3月。
[DHCP-IANA] Droms, R., "Procedures and IANA Guidelines for Definition of New DHCP Options and Message Types", BCP 43, RFC 2939, September 2000.
[DHCP-IANA]Droms，R.，“新DHCP选项和消息类型定义的程序和IANA指南”，BCP 43，RFC 2939，2000年9月。
[EXPERIMENTATION] Narten, T., "Assigning Experimental and Testing Numbers Considered Useful", BCP 82, RFC 3692, January 2004.
[实验]Narten，T.，“分配被认为有用的实验和测试数字”，BCP 82，RFC 3692，2004年1月。
[IANA-CONSIDERATIONS] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 2434, October 1998.
[IANA注意事项]Narten，T.和H.Alvestrand，“在RFCs中编写IANA注意事项部分的指南”，BCP 26，RFC 2434，1998年10月。
[IANA-MOU] Carpenter, B., Baker, F., and M. Roberts, "Memorandum of Understanding Concerning the Technical Work of the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority", RFC 2860, June 2000.
[IANA-MOU]Carpenter，B.，Baker，F.，和M.Roberts，“关于互联网分配号码管理局技术工作的谅解备忘录”，RFC 28602000年6月。
[IETF-PROCESS] Bradner, S., "The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3", BCP 9, RFC 2026, October 1996.
[IETF-PROCESS]Bradner，S.，“互联网标准流程——第3版”，BCP 9，RFC 2026，1996年10月。
[IP] Postel, J., "Internet Protocol", STD 5, RFC 791, September 1981.
[IP]Postel，J.，“互联网协议”，STD 5，RFC 7911981年9月。
[IPSEC] Kent, S. and K. Seo, "Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol", RFC 4301, December 2005.
[IPSEC]Kent，S.和K.Seo，“互联网协议的安全架构”，RFC 43012005年12月。
[MIME-REG] Freed, N. and J. Klensin, "Media Type Specifications and Registration Procedures", BCP 13, RFC 4288, December 2005.
[MIME-REG]Freed，N.和J.Klensin，“媒体类型规范和注册程序”，BCP 13，RFC 4288，2005年12月。
[PROTOCOL-EXT] Carpenter, B. and B. Aboba, "Design Considerations for Protocol Extensions", Work in Progress, December 2007.
[PROTOCOL-EXT]Carpenter，B.和B.Aboba，“协议扩展的设计考虑”，正在进行的工作，2007年12月。
[RFC2929] Eastlake 3rd, D., Brunner-Williams, E., and B. Manning, "Domain Name System (DNS) IANA Considerations", BCP 42, RFC 2929, September 2000.
[RFC2929]Eastlake 3rd，D.，Brunner Williams，E.，和B.Manning，“域名系统（DNS）IANA注意事项”，BCP 42，RFC 29292000年9月。
[RFC3171] Albanna, Z., Almeroth, K., Meyer, D., and M. Schipper, "IANA Guidelines for IPv4 Multicast Address Assignments", BCP 51, RFC 3171, August 2001.
[RFC3171]Albanna，Z.，Almeroth，K.，Meyer，D.，和M.Schipper，“IPv4多播地址分配的IANA指南”，BCP 51，RFC 3171，2001年8月。
[RFC3228] Fenner, B., "IANA Considerations for IPv4 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)", BCP 57, RFC 3228, February 2002.
[RFC3228]Fenner，B.，“IPv4互联网组管理协议（IGMP）的IANA注意事项”，BCP 57，RFC 3228，2002年2月。
[RFC3552] Rescorla, E. and B. Korver, "Guidelines for Writing RFC Text on Security Considerations", BCP 72, RFC 3552, July 2003.
[RFC3552]Rescorla，E.和B.Korver，“关于安全考虑的RFC文本编写指南”，BCP 72，RFC 3552，2003年7月。
[RFC3575] Aboba, B., "IANA Considerations for RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial In User Service)", RFC 3575, July 2003.
[RFC3575]Aboba，B.“RADIUS（远程认证拨入用户服务）的IANA注意事项”，RFC 3575，2003年7月。
[RFC3748] Aboba, B., Blunk, L., Vollbrecht, J., Carlson, J., and H. Levkowetz, Ed., "Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)", RFC 3748, June 2004.
[RFC3748]Aboba，B.，Blunk，L.，Vollbrecht，J.，Carlson，J.，和H.Levkowetz，Ed.，“可扩展认证协议（EAP）”，RFC 3748，2004年6月。
[RFC3775] Johnson, D., Perkins, C., and J. Arkko, "Mobility Support in IPv6", RFC 3775, June 2004.
[RFC3775]Johnson，D.，Perkins，C.，和J.Arkko，“IPv6中的移动支持”，RFC 37752004年6月。
[RFC3932] Alvestrand, H., "The IESG and RFC Editor Documents: Procedures", BCP 92, RFC 3932, October 2004.
[RFC3932]Alvestrand，H.，“IESG和RFC编辑文件：程序”，BCP 92，RFC 3932，2004年10月。
[RFC3942] Volz, B., "Reclassifying Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol version 4 (DHCPv4) Options", RFC 3942, November 2004.
[RFC3942]Volz，B.“重新分类动态主机配置协议版本4（DHCPv4）选项”，RFC 3942，2004年11月。
[RFC3968] Camarillo, G., "The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) Header Field Parameter Registry for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)", BCP 98, RFC 3968, December 2004.
[RFC3968]Camarillo，G.“会话启动协议（SIP）的Internet分配号码管理机构（IANA）头字段参数注册表”，BCP 98，RFC 3968，2004年12月。
[RFC3978] Bradner, S., Ed., "IETF Rights in Contributions", BCP 78, RFC 3978, March 2005.
[RFC3978]Bradner，S.，Ed.，“IETF在贡献中的权利”，BCP 78，RFC 3978，2005年3月。
[RFC4005] Calhoun, P., Zorn, G., Spence, D., and D. Mitton, "Diameter Network Access Server Application", RFC 4005, August 2005.
[RFC4005]Calhoun，P.，Zorn，G.，Spence，D.，和D.Mitton，“Diameter网络访问服务器应用”，RFC 4005，2005年8月。
[RFC4025] Richardson, M., "A Method for Storing IPsec Keying Material in DNS", RFC 4025, March 2005.
[RFC4025]Richardson，M.，“在DNS中存储IPsec密钥材料的方法”，RFC 4025，2005年3月。
[RFC4044] McCloghrie, K., "Fibre Channel Management MIB", RFC 4044, May 2005.
[RFC4044]McCloghrie，K.，“光纤通道管理MIB”，RFC 4044，2005年5月。
[RFC4124] Le Faucheur, F., Ed., "Protocol Extensions for Support of Diffserv-aware MPLS Traffic Engineering", RFC 4124, June 2005.
[RFC4124]Le Faucheur，F.，编辑，“支持区分服务感知MPLS流量工程的协议扩展”，RFC 41242005年6月。
[RFC4169] Torvinen, V., Arkko, J., and M. Naslund, "Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Digest Authentication Using Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA) Version-2", RFC 4169, November 2005.
[RFC4169]Torvinen，V.，Arkko，J.，和M.Naslund，“使用认证和密钥协议（AKA）版本2的超文本传输协议（HTTP）摘要认证”，RFC 4169，2005年11月。
[RFC4271] Rekhter, Y., Ed., Li, T., Ed., and S. Hares, Ed., "A Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4)", RFC 4271, January 2006.
[RFC4271]Rekhter，Y.，Ed.，Li，T.，Ed.，和S.Hares，Ed.，“边境网关协议4（BGP-4）”，RFC 42712006年1月。
[RFC4283] Patel, A., Leung, K., Khalil, M., Akhtar, H., and K. Chowdhury, "Mobile Node Identifier Option for Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6)", RFC 4283, November 2005.
[RFC4283]Patel，A.，Leung，K.，Khalil，M.，Akhtar，H.，和K.Chowdhury，“移动IPv6的移动节点标识符选项（MIPv6）”，RFC 4283，2005年11月。
[RFC4306] Kaufman, C., Ed., "Internet Key Exchange (IKEv2) Protocol", RFC 4306, December 2005.
[RFC4306]考夫曼，C.，编辑，“互联网密钥交换（IKEv2）协议”，RFC4306，2005年12月。
[RFC4340] Kohler, E., Handley, M., and S. Floyd, "Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP)", RFC 4340, March 2006.
[RFC4340]Kohler，E.，Handley，M.和S.Floyd，“数据报拥塞控制协议（DCCP）”，RFC 43402006年3月。
[RFC4346] Dierks, T. and E. Rescorla, "The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.1", RFC 4346, April 2006.
[RFC4346]Dierks，T.和E.Rescorla，“传输层安全（TLS）协议版本1.1”，RFC 4346，2006年4月。
[RFC4366] Blake-Wilson, S., Nystrom, M., Hopwood, D., Mikkelsen, J., and T. Wright, "Transport Layer Security (TLS) Extensions", RFC 4366, April 2006.
[RFC4366]Blake Wilson，S.，Nystrom，M.，Hopwood，D.，Mikkelsen，J.，和T.Wright，“传输层安全（TLS）扩展”，RFC 4366，2006年4月。
[RFC4395] Hansen, T., Hardie, T., and L. Masinter, "Guidelines and Registration Procedures for New URI Schemes", BCP 115, RFC 4395, February 2006.
[RFC4395]Hansen，T.，Hardie，T.，和L.Masinter，“新URI方案的指南和注册程序”，BCP 115，RFC 4395，2006年2月。
[RFC4422] Melnikov, A., Ed., and K. Zeilenga, Ed., "Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL)", RFC 4422, June 2006.
[RFC4422]Melnikov，A.，Ed.，和K.Zeilenga，Ed.，“简单身份验证和安全层（SASL）”，RFC 4422，2006年6月。
[RFC4446] Martini, L., "IANA Allocations for Pseudowire Edge to Edge Emulation (PWE3)", BCP 116, RFC 4446, April 2006.
[RFC4446]Martini，L.，“伪线边到边仿真（PWE3）的IANA分配”，BCP 116，RFC 4446，2006年4月。
[RFC4520] Zeilenga, K., "Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) Considerations for the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)", BCP 64, RFC 4520, June 2006.
[RFC4520]Zeilenga，K.，“轻量级目录访问协议（LDAP）的互联网分配号码管理局（IANA）注意事项”，BCP 64，RFC 4520，2006年6月。
[RFC4589] Schulzrinne, H. and H. Tschofenig, "Location Types Registry", RFC 4589, July 2006.
[RFC4589]Schulzrinne，H.和H.Tschofenig，“位置类型注册表”，RFC4589，2006年7月。
[RFC4727] Fenner, B., "Experimental Values In IPv4, IPv6, ICMPv4, ICMPv6, UDP, and TCP Headers", RFC 4727, November 2006.
[RFC4727]Fenner，B.，“IPv4、IPv6、ICMPv4、ICMPv6、UDP和TCP报头中的实验值”，RFC 4727，2006年11月。
[RFC4995] Jonsson, L-E., Pelletier, G., and K. Sandlund, "The RObust Header Compression (ROHC) Framework", RFC 4995, July 2007.
[RFC4995]Jonsson，L-E.，Pelletier，G.和K.Sandlund，“鲁棒头压缩（ROHC）框架”，RFC 49952007年7月。
Authors' Addresses
作者地址
Thomas Narten IBM Corporation 3039 Cornwallis Ave. PO Box 12195 - BRQA/502 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2195
Thomas Narten IBM Corporation 3039 Cornwallis Ave.邮政信箱12195-北卡罗来纳州三角研究公园BRQA/502 27709-2195
Phone: 919-254-7798 EMail: narten@us.ibm.com
电话：919-254-7798电子邮件：narten@us.ibm.com
Harald Tveit Alvestrand Google Beddingen 10 Trondheim, 7014 Norway
挪威特隆赫姆10号哈拉尔德·特维特·阿尔韦斯特兰德·谷歌·贝丁根，邮编7014
EMail: Harald@Alvestrand.no
EMail: Harald@Alvestrand.no
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