Network Working Group D. Linsenbardt
Request for Comments: 4059 S. Pontius
Category: Informational A. Sturgeon
SPYRUS
May 2005
Network Working Group D. Linsenbardt
Request for Comments: 4059 S. Pontius
Category: Informational A. Sturgeon
SPYRUS
May 2005
Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Warranty Certificate Extension
Internet X.509公钥基础设施保修证书扩展
Status of This Memo
关于下段备忘
This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
本备忘录为互联网社区提供信息。它没有规定任何类型的互联网标准。本备忘录的分发不受限制。
Copyright Notice
版权公告
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).
版权所有（C）互联网协会（2005年）。
Abstract
摘要
This document describes a certificate extension to explicitly state the warranty offered by a Certificate Authority (CA) for the certificate containing the extension.
本文档描述了证书扩展，以明确说明证书颁发机构（CA）对包含扩展的证书提供的担保。
The warranty certificate extension identifies the warranty policy associated with a X.509 public key certificate [X.509-97, PROFILE]. Often the Certificate Authority (CA) will obtain an insurance policy to ensure coverage of the warranty.
保修证书扩展标识与X.509公钥证书相关的保修政策[X.509-97，配置文件]。通常，证书颁发机构（CA）将获得一份保险单，以确保保修范围。
The certificate warranty provides an extended monetary coverage for the end entities. The certificate warranty primarily concerns the use, storage, and reliance on a certificate by a subscriber, a relying party, and the CA. It is common for a CA to establish reliance limits on the use of a certificate. It is not uncommon for a CA to attempt through contractual means to exclude its liability entirely. However, this undermines the confidence that commerce requires to gainfully use certificates.
证书保修为终端实体提供了扩展的货币保险。证书保证主要涉及订户、依赖方和CA对证书的使用、存储和依赖。CA通常会对证书的使用设定依赖限制。CA试图通过合同手段完全排除其责任的情况并不少见。然而，这削弱了商业界对有收益地使用证书的信心。
Alternatively a CA may provide extended coverage for the use of the certificate. Usually, the subscriber pays for the extended warranty coverage. In turn, subscribers are covered by an appropriately drafted insurance policy. The certificate warranty is backed by an insurance policy issued by a licensed insurance company, which results in a financial backing that is far greater than that of the
或者，CA可以为证书的使用提供扩展的覆盖范围。通常，订户支付延长保修期的费用。反过来，订阅者将得到一份适当起草的保险单的保障。证书保修由持照保险公司签发的保险单提供支持，这将产生远大于保险公司的财务支持
CA. This extra financial backing provides a further element of confidence necessary to encourage the use of certificates in commerce.
CA.这种额外的财政支持提供了鼓励在商业中使用证书所需的进一步信心因素。
A relying party that has a warranty from a CA may obtain compensation from a CA depending on the conditions for such compensation expressed in either the CA's Certificate Policy, the CA's insurance policy, or both. Evidence of an extended warranty, provided through the certificate extension, will give the relying party additional confidence that compensation is possible, and therefore will enhance trust in the process. Risk for a non-subscriber relying party may be reduced by the presence of a warranty extension with an explicit warranty stated. The warranty extension allows this aspect of risk management to be automated.
拥有CA担保的依赖方可根据CA的证书保单、CA的保险单或两者中规定的此类赔偿条件，从CA处获得赔偿。通过证书延期提供的延长保修的证据将使依赖方更加相信补偿是可能的，因此将增强对该过程的信任。非认购方依赖方的风险可通过存在明确保证的保修延期来降低。保修期延长使这方面的风险管理自动化。
When a certificate contains a warranty certificate extension, the extension MUST be non-critical, and MUST contain either a NULL to indicate that no warranty is provided or base warranty data to indicate that a warranty is provided. The extension MAY contain optional qualifiers.
当证书包含保修证书延期时，延期必须是非关键性的，并且必须包含NULL以表示未提供保修，或者包含基本保修数据以表示提供了保修。扩展名可能包含可选的限定符。
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
本文件中的关键词“必须”、“不得”、“必需”、“应”、“不应”、“应”、“不应”、“建议”、“可”和“可选”应按照[RFC2119]中所述进行解释。
Like all X.509 certificate extensions, the warranty certificate extension is defined using ASN.1 [X.208-88, X.209-88].
与所有X.509证书扩展一样，使用ASN.1[X.208-88，X.209-88]定义保修证书扩展。
The non-critical warranty extension is identified by id-pe-warranty.
非关键保修延期由id pe保修标识。
PKIX Object Identifier Registry
id-pkix OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) identified-organization(3)
dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) }
PKIX Object Identifier Registry
id-pkix OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) identified-organization(3)
dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) }
PKIX Arcs
id-mod OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 0 } -- modules
id-pe OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 1 } -- private
certificate extensions
PKIX Arcs
id-mod OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 0 } -- modules
id-pe OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 1 } -- private
certificate extensions
PKIX modules
id-mod-warranty-extn OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-mod 27 }
PKIX modules
id-mod-warranty-extn OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-mod 27 }
id-pe-warranty OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 16 }
id-pe-warranty OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 16 }
A non-null warranty always includes a base warranty. The warranty information includes the period during which the warranty applies, a warranty value, and a warranty type. The warranty type tells the warranty limit against claims. The extension definition supports two alternatives: aggregated and per-transaction. With aggregation, claims are fulfilled until a ceiling value is reached. After that, no further claims are fulfilled. With per-transaction, a ceiling value is imposed on each claim, but each transaction is considered independently.
非零保修始终包括基本保修。保修信息包括保修期、保修值和保修类型。保修类型告知索赔的保修限额。扩展定义支持两种选择：聚合和每个事务。通过聚合，索赔将得到满足，直到达到上限值。此后，不再满足任何进一步的要求。对于每笔交易，每个索赔都有一个上限值，但每笔交易都是独立考虑的。
The warranty extension permits inclusion of two optional warranty qualifiers. The first qualifier provides extended warranty information, the second provides a pointer to the warranty terms and conditions.
保修延期允许包含两个可选的保修限定符。第一个限定符提供延长保修信息，第二个限定符提供指向保修条款和条件的指针。
When present, the extended warranty information provides information about coverage beyond the scope of the base warranty. Like the base warranty information, the extended warranty information includes the period during which the warranty applies, a warranty value, and a warranty type.
如果存在，延长保修信息将提供超出基本保修范围的信息。与基本保修信息一样，延长保修信息包括保修适用的期限、保修值和保修类型。
When present, the terms and conditions pointer provides a reference to a document containing the terms and conditions associated with the warranty. The document may be a Certificate Policy that contains this information, a document specifically about the warranty, or a Relying Party Agreement. The pointer is always a uniform resource locator (URL). The URL MUST be a non-relative URL using the http scheme. The URL MUST follow the URL syntax and encoding rules specified in RFC 3986 [URI].
出现时，条款和条件指针提供对包含与保修相关的条款和条件的文档的引用。该文件可以是包含此信息的证书政策、专门关于保修的文件或依赖方协议。指针始终是统一资源定位器（URL）。URL必须是使用http方案的非相对URL。URL必须遵循RFC 3986[URI]中指定的URL语法和编码规则。
The syntax for the warranty extension is:
保修延期的语法为：
Warranty ::= CHOICE {
none NULL, -- No warranty provided
wData WarrantyData } -- Explicit warranty
Warranty ::= CHOICE {
none NULL, -- No warranty provided
wData WarrantyData } -- Explicit warranty
WarrantyData ::= SEQUENCE {
base WarrantyInfo,
extended WarrantyInfo OPTIONAL,
tcURL TermsAndConditionsURL OPTIONAL }
WarrantyData ::= SEQUENCE {
base WarrantyInfo,
extended WarrantyInfo OPTIONAL,
tcURL TermsAndConditionsURL OPTIONAL }
WarrantyInfo ::= SEQUENCE {
validity WarrantyValidityPeriod,
amount CurrencyAmount,
wType WarrantyType }
WarrantyInfo ::= SEQUENCE {
validity WarrantyValidityPeriod,
amount CurrencyAmount,
wType WarrantyType }
WarrantyValidityPeriod ::= CHOICE {
sameAsCertificate NULL,
explicitPeriod ValidityPeriod }
WarrantyValidityPeriod ::= CHOICE {
sameAsCertificate NULL,
explicitPeriod ValidityPeriod }
ValidityPeriod ::= SEQUENCE {
notBefore GeneralizedTime,
notAfter GeneralizedTime }
ValidityPeriod ::= SEQUENCE {
notBefore GeneralizedTime,
notAfter GeneralizedTime }
-- CurrencyAmount specifies the currency and a monetary value.
-- Currency codes are defined in [ISO4217]. The monetary value
-- is: amount / (10 ** amtExp10), and the exponent MUST be the
-- minor unit of currency specified in [ISO4217].
-- CurrencyAmount specifies the currency and a monetary value.
-- Currency codes are defined in [ISO4217]. The monetary value
-- is: amount / (10 ** amtExp10), and the exponent MUST be the
-- minor unit of currency specified in [ISO4217].
CurrencyAmount ::= SEQUENCE {
currency INTEGER (1..999),
amount INTEGER (0..MAX),
amtExp10 INTEGER (0..MAX) }
CurrencyAmount ::= SEQUENCE {
currency INTEGER (1..999),
amount INTEGER (0..MAX),
amtExp10 INTEGER (0..MAX) }
WarrantyType ::= INTEGER {
aggregated (0),
perTransaction (1) }
WarrantyType ::= INTEGER {
aggregated (0),
perTransaction (1) }
TermsAndConditionsURL ::= IA5String -- MUST use http scheme
TermsAndConditionsURL ::= IA5String -- MUST use http scheme
Warranty is a CHOICE; it is represented either by NULL or WarrantyData. If the CA selects NULL, then the CA is explicitly stating that no warranty is provided. If the CA selects WarrantyData, then the CA is explicitly stating that a warranty is provided, and the fields within the WarrantyData type MUST provide details about that warranty.
保修是一种选择；它由NULL或担保数据表示。如果CA选择NULL，则CA明确声明不提供任何担保。如果CA选择了保修数据，则CA明确声明提供了保修，并且保修数据类型中的字段必须提供有关该保修的详细信息。
WarrantyData MUST contain information about the base warranty. WarrantyData MAY contain information about an extended warranty. Both base warranty and extended warranty information is provided using the WarrantyInfo type. WarrantyData MAY contain a URL that points to the terms and conditions of the warranty. The URL is provided using the TermsAndConditionsURL type, which is an IA5 string. The IA5String MUST contain a URI [URI] using the http scheme, such as "http://www.example.com/warranty/t_and_c.html".
保修数据必须包含有关基本保修的信息。保修数据可能包含有关延长保修的信息。基本保修和延长保修信息均使用保修信息类型提供。保修数据可能包含指向保修条款和条件的URL。URL是使用TermsAndConditionsURL类型提供的，它是一个IA5字符串。IA5String必须包含使用http方案的URI[URI]，例如“http://www.example.com/warranty/t_and_c.html".
WarrantyInfo MUST contain the warranty validity period, the currency amount of the warranty, and the type of warranty. The warranty validity period is provided using the WarrantyValidityPeriod type. The currency amount of the warranty is provided using the CurrencyAmount type. The type of warranty is provided using the WarrantyType type.
保修信息必须包含保修有效期、保修货币金额和保修类型。保修有效期是使用保修有效期类型提供的。保修的货币金额使用CurrencyAmount类型提供。使用保修类型提供保修类型。
WarrantyValidityPeriod is a CHOICE; it is represented either by NULL or ValidityPeriod. If the CA selects NULL, then the validity periods of the warranty and the certificate MUST be exactly the same. If the CA selects ValidityPeriod, then the CA is explicitly stating a warranty validity period that is different than the validity period of the certificate. If the validity periods of the warranty and the certificate are the same, then the CA MUST select the NULL choice. The validity periods are expected to be the same in the vast majority of the cases. ValidityPeriod is a SEQUENCE of two GeneralizedTime values. The first (notBefore) GeneralizedTime value MUST indicate the date and time that the warranty becomes valid, and the second (notAfter) GeneralizedTime value MUST indicate the date and time that the warranty expires.
保修有效期是一种选择；它由NULL或ValidityPeriod表示。如果CA选择NULL，则保修和证书的有效期必须完全相同。如果CA选择ValidityPeriod，则CA将明确说明与证书有效期不同的保修有效期。如果保修和证书的有效期相同，则CA必须选择空选项。在绝大多数情况下，有效期预计是相同的。ValidityPeriod是两个广义时间值的序列。第一个（notBefore）GeneralizedTime值必须指明保修生效的日期和时间，第二个（notBefore）GeneralizedTime值必须指明保修到期的日期和时间。
CurrencyAmount is a SEQUENCE of three integers which together specify the currency and a monetary value. The first integer (currency) MUST indicate the currency using one of the currency codes defined in [ISO4217]. The second integer (amount) MUST indicate the value of the warranty. The third integer (amtExp10) MUST indicate the correct placement of the decimal point in the monetary value, and MUST be the minor unit of currency specified in [ISO4217]. For example $48,525.50 (in US dollars) is represented as:
CurrencyAmount是三个整数的序列，它们一起指定货币和货币值。第一个整数（货币）必须使用[ISO4217]中定义的货币代码之一指示货币。第二个整数（金额）必须表示保修的价值。第三个整数（amtExp10）必须指示货币值中小数点的正确位置，并且必须是[ISO4217]中规定的次要货币单位。例如，48525.50美元（美元）表示为：
currency = 840 amount = 4852550 amtExp10 = 2
货币=840金额=4852550 amtExp10=2
WarrantyType is an integer. A value of zero indicates that claims against the warranty will be aggregated, and once the value of fulfilled claims reaches the warranty currency amount, then no further claim will be fulfilled. A value of one indicates that each claim is handled independently, but no individual claim can exceed the warranty currency amount. The CA MUST select either zero or one for this integer value.
保修类型是一个整数。值为零表示将汇总针对保修的索赔，一旦已完成索赔的值达到保修货币金额，则不会再进行索赔。值为1表示每个索赔都是独立处理的，但任何单个索赔都不能超过保修货币金额。CA必须为此整数值选择零或一。
The procedures and practices employed by the CA MUST ensure that the correct values for the warranty are inserted in each issued certificate. Relying parties and users may accept or reject a particular certificate for an intended use based on the information provided in warranty extension. Incorrect representation of the actual warranty may result in otherwise avoidable warranty claims for the CA.
CA采用的程序和实践必须确保在每个颁发的证书中插入正确的保修值。依赖方和用户可根据保修延期中提供的信息，接受或拒绝特定的预期用途证书。对实际保修的不正确陈述可能会导致CA的其他可避免保修索赔。
Certificate extensions and extended key usage values are identified by object identifiers (OIDs). The OIDs used in this document are derived from X.509 [X.509-97]. No further action by the IANA is necessary for this document or any anticipated updates.
证书扩展和扩展密钥使用值由对象标识符（OID）标识。本文件中使用的OID源自X.509[X.509-97]。IANA无需对本文件或任何预期更新采取进一步行动。
WarrantyExtn
{ iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
id-mod-warranty-extn(27) }
WarrantyExtn
{ iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
id-mod-warranty-extn(27) }
DEFINITIONS IMPLICIT TAGS ::=
BEGIN
DEFINITIONS IMPLICIT TAGS ::=
BEGIN
-- OID Arcs
--弧线
id-pe OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::=
{ iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) 1 }
id-pe OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::=
{ iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) 1 }
-- Warranty Extension
--保修延期
id-pe-warranty-extn OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 16 }
id-pe-warranty-extn OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 16 }
Warranty ::= CHOICE {
none NULL, -- No warranty provided
wData WarrantyData } -- Explicit warranty
Warranty ::= CHOICE {
none NULL, -- No warranty provided
wData WarrantyData } -- Explicit warranty
WarrantyData ::= SEQUENCE {
base WarrantyInfo,
extended WarrantyInfo OPTIONAL,
tcURL TermsAndConditionsURL OPTIONAL }
WarrantyData ::= SEQUENCE {
base WarrantyInfo,
extended WarrantyInfo OPTIONAL,
tcURL TermsAndConditionsURL OPTIONAL }
WarrantyInfo ::= SEQUENCE {
validity WarrantyValidityPeriod,
amount CurrencyAmount,
wType WarrantyType }
WarrantyInfo ::= SEQUENCE {
validity WarrantyValidityPeriod,
amount CurrencyAmount,
wType WarrantyType }
WarrantyValidityPeriod ::= CHOICE {
sameAsCertificate NULL,
explicitPeriod ValidityPeriod }
WarrantyValidityPeriod ::= CHOICE {
sameAsCertificate NULL,
explicitPeriod ValidityPeriod }
ValidityPeriod ::= SEQUENCE {
notBefore GeneralizedTime,
notAfter GeneralizedTime }
ValidityPeriod ::= SEQUENCE {
notBefore GeneralizedTime,
notAfter GeneralizedTime }
-- CurrencyAmount specifies the currency and a monetary value.
-- Currency codes are defined in [ISO4217]. The monetary value
-- is: amount / (10 ** amtExp10), and the exponent MUST be the
-- minor unit of currency specified in [ISO4217].
-- CurrencyAmount specifies the currency and a monetary value.
-- Currency codes are defined in [ISO4217]. The monetary value
-- is: amount / (10 ** amtExp10), and the exponent MUST be the
-- minor unit of currency specified in [ISO4217].
CurrencyAmount ::= SEQUENCE {
currency INTEGER (1..999),
amount INTEGER (0..MAX),
amtExp10 INTEGER (0..MAX) }
CurrencyAmount ::= SEQUENCE {
currency INTEGER (1..999),
amount INTEGER (0..MAX),
amtExp10 INTEGER (0..MAX) }
WarrantyType ::= INTEGER {
aggregated (0),
perTransaction (1) }
WarrantyType ::= INTEGER {
aggregated (0),
perTransaction (1) }
TermsAndConditionsURL ::= IA5String
TermsAndConditionsURL ::= IA5String
END
终止
[ISO4217] ISO. "Codes for the Representation of Currencies and Funds", ISO 4217. 1995.
[ISO4217]ISO。“货币和资金表示代码”，ISO 4217。1995
[PROFILE] Housley, R., Ford, W., Polk, W., and D. Solo, "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and CRL Profile", RFC 2459, January 1999.
[简介]Housley，R.，Ford，W.，Polk，W.，和D.Solo，“互联网X.509公钥基础设施证书和CRL简介”，RFC 2459，1999年1月。
[URI] Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., and L. Masinter, "Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax", STD 66, RFC 3986, January 2005.
[URI]Berners Lee，T.，Fielding，R.，和L.Masinter，“统一资源标识符（URI）：通用语法”，STD 66，RFC 3986，2005年1月。
[X.208-88] CCITT. Recommendation X.208: Specification of Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1). 1988.
[X.208-88]CCITT。建议X.208：抽象语法符号1（ASN.1）的规范。1988
[X.209-88] CCITT. Recommendation X.209: Specification of Basic Encoding Rules for Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1). 1988.
[X.209-88]CCITT。建议X.209：抽象语法符号1（ASN.1）的基本编码规则规范。1988
[X.509-97] ITU-T. Recommendation X.509: The Directory-Authentication Framework. 1997.
[X.509-97]ITU-T.建议X.509：目录认证框架。1997
Acknowledgements
致谢
This document was developed with the expertise and support of Russ Housley, Vigil Security LLC, and Dr. Adrian McCullagh, Freehills Australia.
本文件是在Russ Housley、Vigil Security LLC和澳大利亚Freehills的Adrian McCullagh博士的专业知识和支持下编写的。
Authors' Addresses
作者地址
Duane Linsenbardt SPYRUS 2355 Oakland Road Suite 1 San Jose CA 95131 USA
Duane Linsenbardt SPYRUS美国加利福尼亚州圣何塞奥克兰路2355号套房1号95131
EMail: dlinsenbardt@spyrus.com
EMail: dlinsenbardt@spyrus.com
Sue Pontius SPYRUS 2355 Oakland Road Suite 1 San Jose CA 95131 USA
美国加利福尼亚州圣何塞奥克兰路2355号Sue Pontius SPYRUS 1号套房95131
EMail: spontius@spyrus.com
EMail: spontius@spyrus.com
Alice Sturgeon SPYRUS Suite 1502, 222 Queen St., Ottawa ON K0A 2T0 Canada
加拿大K0A 2T0渥太华皇后街222号艾丽斯·斯特金·斯皮罗斯套房1502
EMail: asturgeon@spyrus.com
EMail: asturgeon@spyrus.com
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完整版权声明
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版权所有（C）互联网协会（2005年）。
This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights.
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向IETF秘书处披露的知识产权副本和任何许可证保证，或本规范实施者或用户试图获得使用此类专有权利的一般许可证或许可的结果，可从IETF在线知识产权存储库获取，网址为http://www.ietf.org/ipr.
The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement this standard. Please address the information to the IETF at ietf-ipr@ietf.org.
IETF邀请任何相关方提请其注意任何版权、专利或专利申请，或其他可能涵盖实施本标准所需技术的专有权利。请将信息发送至IETF的IETF-ipr@ietf.org.
Acknowledgement
确认
Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the Internet Society.
RFC编辑功能的资金目前由互联网协会提供。