Network Working Group D. Rawlins
Request for Comments: 3483 WorldCom
Category: Informational A. Kulkarni
Intel
M. Bokaemper
Juniper Networks
K. Chan
Nortel Networks
March 2003
Network Working Group D. Rawlins
Request for Comments: 3483 WorldCom
Category: Informational A. Kulkarni
Intel
M. Bokaemper
Juniper Networks
K. Chan
Nortel Networks
March 2003
Framework for Policy Usage Feedback for Common Open Policy Service with Policy Provisioning (COPS-PR)
具有策略供应的公共开放策略服务的策略使用反馈框架（COPS-PR）
Status of this Memo
本备忘录的状况
This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
本备忘录为互联网社区提供信息。它没有规定任何类型的互联网标准。本备忘录的分发不受限制。
Copyright Notice
版权公告
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved.
版权所有（C）互联网协会（2003年）。版权所有。
Abstract
摘要
Common Open Policy Services (COPS) Protocol (RFC 2748), defines the capability of reporting information to the Policy Decision Point (PDP). The types of report information are success, failure and accounting of an installed state. This document focuses on the COPS Report Type of Accounting and the necessary framework for the monitoring and reporting of usage feedback for an installed state.
公共开放策略服务（COPS）协议（RFC 2748）定义了向策略决策点（PDP）报告信息的能力。报告信息的类型包括成功、失败和已安装状态的记帐。本文档重点介绍COPS报告类型的会计，以及监控和报告已安装状态的使用反馈的必要框架。
Conventions used in this document
本文件中使用的公约
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
本文件中的关键词“必须”、“不得”、“必需”、“应”、“不应”、“应”、“不应”、“建议”、“可”和“可选”应按照[RFC2119]中所述进行解释。
Table of Contents
目录
Glossary........................................................... 2
1 Introduction.................................................... 2
2 Overview........................................................ 3
3 Requirements for Normal Operations.............................. 3
4 Periodic Nature of Policy Usage Feedback........................ 4
4.1 Reporting Intervals......................................... 4
5 Suspension, Resumption and Halting of Usage Monitoring and
Reporting....................................................... 5
6 Solicited Feedback.............................................. 5
7 Usage reports on shared objects................................. 5
8 Context......................................................... 6
9 Delete Request States........................................... 7
10 Failover........................................................ 7
11 Security Considerations......................................... 7
12 References...................................................... 8
12.1 Normative References....................................... 8
12.2 Informative References..................................... 8
13 Authors' Addresses.............................................. 9
14 Full Copyright Statement........................................10
Glossary........................................................... 2
1 Introduction.................................................... 2
2 Overview........................................................ 3
3 Requirements for Normal Operations.............................. 3
4 Periodic Nature of Policy Usage Feedback........................ 4
4.1 Reporting Intervals......................................... 4
5 Suspension, Resumption and Halting of Usage Monitoring and
Reporting....................................................... 5
6 Solicited Feedback.............................................. 5
7 Usage reports on shared objects................................. 5
8 Context......................................................... 6
9 Delete Request States........................................... 7
10 Failover........................................................ 7
11 Security Considerations......................................... 7
12 References...................................................... 8
12.1 Normative References....................................... 8
12.2 Informative References..................................... 8
13 Authors' Addresses.............................................. 9
14 Full Copyright Statement........................................10
Glossary
术语汇编
COPS - Common Open Policy Service. See [RFC2748]. COPS-PR - COPS Usage for Policy Provisioning. See [RFC3084]. PDP - Policy Decision Point. See [RFC2753]. PEP - Policy Enforcement Point. See [RFC2753]. PIB - Policy Information Base. The database of policy information. PRC - Provisioning Class. A type of policy data. PRI - Provisioning Instance. An instance of a PRC. QoS - Quality of Service.
共同开放政策服务。见[RFC2748]。COPS-PR—策略供应的COPS使用。参见[RFC3084]。PDP——政策决策点。见[RFC2753]。政治公众人物-政策执行点。见[RFC2753]。政策信息库。政策信息数据库。PRC-资源调配类。策略数据的一种类型。PRI-资源调配实例。中国的一个例子。QoS——服务质量。
1 Introduction
1导言
Policy usage reported by the PEP makes a richer set of information available to the PDP for decision-making. This feedback on policy usage can impact future decisions made by the PDP and the resulting policy installed by the PDP at the PEP. For example, a PDP making policy for a SIP signaled multimedia session may need to base the decision in part on usage information related to previously installed QoS policy decisions. Furthermore, the PDP may coordinate this usage information with other external systems to determine the future policy such as the case with the PDP coordinating multimedia session QoS and clearinghouse authorizations [SIP-AAA-QOS].
政治公众人物报告的政策使用情况为PDP提供了更丰富的决策信息集。该政策使用反馈可能会影响PDP做出的未来决策以及PDP在政治公众人物处安装的最终政策。例如，用于SIP信令多媒体会话的PDP决策策略可能需要部分地基于与先前安装的QoS策略决策相关的使用信息。此外，PDP可与其他外部系统协调该使用信息以确定未来策略，例如PDP协调多媒体会话QoS和交换所授权[SIP-AAA-QoS]的情况。
The scope of this document is to describe the framework for policy usage monitored and reported by the PEP and collected at the PDP. The charging, rating and billing models, as well as other accounting or statistics gathering events, detectable by the PDP are beyond the scope of this framework.
本文件的范围是描述政治公众人物监控和报告并在PDP上收集的政策使用框架。PDP检测到的收费、评级和计费模型以及其他会计或统计数据收集事件超出了本框架的范围。
2 Overview
2概述
There are three main aspects to define policies for usage feedback:
定义使用情况反馈的策略主要有三个方面：
- which objects are monitored - the metrics to be monitored and reported for these objects - when the reports are delivered
- 当报告交付时，哪些对象被监控—这些对象的监控和报告指标
In the framework, a selection criteria policy specifies one or more objects that should be monitored (e.g., a dropper or the instances of an IP Filter for all its interfaces).
在该框架中，选择标准策略指定了一个或多个应监视的对象（例如，滴管或所有接口的IP筛选器实例）。
A usage feedback class is used to specify which metrics are to be collected for a set of objects - instances of the specified class carry the usage information when it is reported. The valid combinations of monitored object classes and usage feedback classes are reported by the PEP as capabilities.
使用情况反馈类用于指定要为一组对象收集哪些度量-指定类的实例在报告时携带使用情况信息。PEP将监控对象类和使用反馈类的有效组合报告为功能。
Finally, selection criteria policy and usage feedback class are bound together in a linkage policy, which also contains the information of when reports are generated. Reports are usually sent periodically, but more restrictions can be placed on the generation of reports, like thresholds or a change in the data.
最后，选择标准策略和使用反馈类被绑定在一个链接策略中，该链接策略还包含生成报告的时间信息。报告通常定期发送，但对报告的生成可能会有更多的限制，如阈值或数据的更改。
3 Requirements for Normal Operations
3正常运行的要求
Per COPS [RFC2748], the PDP specifies the minimum feedback interval in the Accounting Timer object that is included in the Client Accept message during connection establishment. This specifies the maximum frequency with which the PEP issues unsolicited accounting type report messages. The purpose of this interval is to pace the number of report messages sent to the PDP. It is not the goal of the interval defined by the ACCT Timer value to provide precision synchronization or timing.
根据COPS[RFC2748]，PDP在连接建立期间，在客户机接受消息中包含的记帐计时器对象中指定最小反馈间隔。这指定政治公众人物发出未经请求的会计类型报告消息的最大频率。此间隔的目的是调整发送到PDP的报告消息的数量。ACCT Timer值定义的间隔的目标不是提供精确同步或定时。
The selection and the associated usage criteria and intervals for feedback reporting are defined by the PDP. Feedback policies, which define the necessary selection and linkages to usage feedback criteria, are included by the PDP in a Decision message to the PEP. The usage feedback is then periodically reported by the PEP, at intervals defined in the linkage policies at a rate no more frequently than specified in the Accounting Timer object. Note that
反馈报告的选择、相关使用标准和间隔由PDP定义。PDP在向政治公众人物发送的决策信息中包括反馈政策，该政策定义了必要的选择和与使用反馈标准的联系。然后，PEP以链接策略中定义的间隔定期报告使用情况反馈，报告频率不超过Accounting Timer对象中指定的频率。注意
there are exceptions where reports containing feedback are provided prior to the Accounting Timer interval (see section 6). The PDP may also solicit usage feedback which is to be reported back immediately by the PEP. Usage information may be cleared upon reporting. This is specified in the usage policy criteria.
在会计计时器间隔之前提供包含反馈的报告时也有例外（见第6节）。PDP还可征求使用情况反馈，该反馈将由政治公众人物立即报告。使用信息可在报告后清除。这在使用策略标准中指定。
The PEP monitors and tracks the usage feedback information. The PDP is the collection point for the policy usage feedback information reported by the PEP clients within the administrative domain. The PDP may also collect other accounting event information that is outside the scope of this document.
政治公众人物监控并跟踪使用反馈信息。PDP是管理域内PEP客户端报告的策略使用反馈信息的收集点。PDP还可以收集本文件范围之外的其他会计事件信息。
4 Periodic Nature of Policy Usage Feedback
4政策使用反馈的周期性
Generally the policy usage feedback is periodic in nature and the reporting is unsolicited. The unsolicited reports are supplied per the interval defined by the PDP. The periodic unsolicited reports are dictated by timer intervals and use a deterministic amount of network resources.
通常，策略使用反馈是周期性的，报告是主动的。按照PDP规定的时间间隔提供未经请求的报告。定期未经请求的报告由计时器间隔决定，并使用确定数量的网络资源。
The PDP informs the PEP of the minimal feedback interval during client connection establishment with the Accounting Timer object. The PDP may specify feedback intervals in the specific usage feedback policies as well. The unsolicited monitoring and reporting by the PEP may be suspended and resumed at the direction of the PDP.
PDP通知PEP在建立与记帐计时器对象的客户端连接期间的最小反馈间隔。PDP也可以在特定的使用反馈策略中指定反馈间隔。政治公众人物的主动监测和报告可在PDP的指示下暂停和恢复。
The generation of usage feedback by the PEP to the PDP is done under different conditions that include feedback on demand, periodic feedback or feedback when a defined threshold is reached.
PEP向PDP生成使用反馈是在不同的条件下完成的，包括按需反馈、定期反馈或达到定义阈值时的反馈。
The periodic feedback for a usage policy can be further defined in terms of providing feedback if there is a change or providing feedback periodically regardless of a change in value.
使用策略的定期反馈可以进一步定义为在发生变化时提供反馈，或者定期提供反馈而不考虑值的变化。
The periodic interval is defined in terms of the Accounting Object, ACCT Timer value. A single interval is equal to the number of seconds specified by the ACCT Timer value. The PDP may define a specific number of intervals, which are to pass before the PEP provides the usage feedback for a specific policy in a report. When the ACCT Timer value is equal to zero there is no unsolicited usage feedback provided by the PEP. However, the PEP still monitors and tracks the usage per the PDP policy and reports it when the PDP solicits the feedback.
周期间隔是根据会计对象ACCT Timer值定义的。单个间隔等于ACCT定时器值指定的秒数。PDP可以定义特定数量的间隔，在PEP在报告中提供特定策略的使用反馈之前，这些间隔将通过。当ACCT Timer值等于零时，政治公众人物不会主动提供使用反馈。但是，政治公众人物仍然根据PDP政策监控和跟踪使用情况，并在PDP征求反馈时报告。
Reporting may be based on reaching a defined threshold value in the usage PRC.
报告可能基于达到使用PRC中定义的阈值。
The PDP may solicit usage feedback in the middle of an interval by sending a COPS decision message. The exact contents of the message are out of the scope of this framework document and need to be defined in a document that actually implements usage feedback using this framework.
PDP可以通过发送COPS决策消息来在区间中间请求使用反馈。消息的确切内容不在此框架文档的范围内，需要在使用此框架实际实现使用反馈的文档中定义。
The PEP, upon receiving a solicit decision from the PDP, shall provide the requested usage information and clear the usage information if the usage policy requires that the attribute be cleared after reporting. The PEP should continue to maintain the same interval schedule as defined by the PDP in the Accounting Timer object and established at client connection acceptance.
政治公众人物在收到PDP的征求决定后，应提供请求的使用信息，如果使用政策要求在报告后清除属性，则应清除使用信息。PEP应继续保持PDP在Accounting Timer对象中定义并在客户端连接验收时建立的相同间隔计划。
5 Suspension, Resumption and Halting of Usage Monitoring and Reporting
5暂停、恢复和停止使用监测和报告
The PDP may direct the PEP to suspend usage feedback report messages and then at a later time instruct the PEP to resume the reporting of feedback. The PDP may also instruct the PEP to suspend the monitoring and tracking of usage which also results in the suppression of the feedback reports until the PDP later tells the PEP to resume the monitoring (and reporting). When the PDP suspends monitoring or suspends reporting, it also specifies whether the PEP is to provide an unsolicited feedback report of the current monitored usage of the affected usage policy. The PDP may suspend and resume monitoring and reporting for specific usage policies or for all of the usage feedback policies.
PDP可指示政治公众人物暂停使用情况反馈报告消息，然后稍后指示政治公众人物恢复反馈报告。PDP还可指示政治公众人物暂停对使用情况的监控和跟踪，这也会导致反馈报告被抑制，直到PDP稍后通知政治公众人物恢复监控（和报告）。当PDP暂停监控或暂停报告时，它还指定政治公众人物是否提供受影响使用策略的当前监控使用的非请求反馈报告。PDP可暂停并恢复对特定使用策略或所有使用反馈策略的监控和报告。
6 Solicited Feedback
6征求反馈
There may be instances when it is useful for the PDP to control the feedback per an on-demand basis rather than a periodic basis. The PDP may solicit the PEP for usage feedback with a Decision. The PDP may solicit usage feedback at any time during the accounting interval defined by the ACCT Timer. The PEP responds immediately and reports the appropriate usage policies and should continue to follow the usage feedback interval schedule established during connection acceptance.
在某些情况下，PDP可以按需而不是按周期控制反馈。PDP可向政治公众人物征求使用反馈意见，并做出决定。PDP可在ACCT计时器定义的记帐间隔内的任何时间请求使用反馈。PEP立即响应并报告适当的使用策略，并应继续遵循连接验收期间建立的使用反馈间隔计划。
7 Usage reports on shared objects
7共享对象的使用情况报告
While some objects in a context's namespace directly represent unique objects of the PEP's configuration, other COPS objects can be shared between multiple actual assignments in the PEP.
虽然上下文命名空间中的某些对象直接表示PEP配置的唯一对象，但其他COPS对象可以在PEP中的多个实际分配之间共享。
Whenever the PEP creates multiple actual configuration instances from the same COPS objects, these assignments can potentially collect their own statistics independently. Since the individual assignments do not have a direct representation as COPS objects, additional information must be provided to uniquely identify the assignment that generates the usage information. As an example, if the PEP needs to create multiple usage objects for an IP address, it may use the port number to uniquely identify each object, i.e., the (IP address, port number) combination is now the unique identifier of the object.
每当PEP从同一COPS对象创建多个实际配置实例时，这些分配都可能独立收集自己的统计信息。由于各个分配没有直接表示为COPS对象，因此必须提供附加信息以唯一标识生成使用信息的分配。例如，如果PEP需要为IP地址创建多个使用对象，它可以使用端口号来唯一标识每个对象，即（IP地址、端口号）组合现在是对象的唯一标识符。
The feedback framework allows this information to be distributed between a selection criteria PRC and the corresponding usage feedback PRC, however both PRCs together always must contain sufficient information for the finest granularity of usage collection supported by the PEP.
反馈框架允许在选择标准PRC和相应的使用反馈PRC之间分发此信息，但是两个PRC一起必须包含足够的信息，以实现PEP支持的最精细的使用收集粒度。
If all the additional information is not part of the selection criteria PRC, all matching assignments are selected to collect usage information. The necessary data to differentiate these assignments is part of the usage feedback PRC.
如果所有附加信息不是选择标准PRC的一部分，则选择所有匹配的分配以收集使用信息。区分这些分配的必要数据是使用反馈PRC的一部分。
Implementations based on the feedback framework should always provide a selection criteria PRC that contains a complete set of information to select a unique assignment, while underspecified selection criteria PRCs (together with extended usage feedback PRCs) are optional.
基于反馈框架的实现应始终提供一个选择标准PRC，其中包含选择唯一分配的完整信息集，而未指定的选择标准PRC（以及扩展使用反馈PRC）是可选的。
8 Context
8背景
COPS-PR [RFC3084] allows multiple, independent, disjoint instances of policies to be configured on the PEP. Each instance is known as a context, and only one context can be active at any given moment. The PDP directs the PEP to switch between contexts using a single decision message.
COPS-PR[RFC3084]允许在政治公众人物上配置多个独立、不相交的策略实例。每个实例称为一个上下文，并且在任何给定时刻只能有一个上下文处于活动状态。PDP指示PEP使用单个决策消息在上下文之间切换。
The monitoring and recording of usage policies is subject to context switches in a manner similar to that of the enforcement policy. Usage policy is monitored, recorded and reported while the associated policy information context is active. When the context is deactivated, a report message containing the usage feedback policies for that context is provided to the PDP. The PEP does not perform any monitoring, tracking or reporting of policy usage for a given context while the context is inactive.
使用策略的监视和记录受上下文切换的影响，其方式类似于强制策略。当关联的策略信息上下文处于活动状态时，将监视、记录和报告使用策略。停用上下文时，将向PDP提供包含该上下文的使用反馈策略的报告消息。当上下文处于非活动状态时，PEP不会对给定上下文的策略使用情况执行任何监视、跟踪或报告。
9 Delete Request States
9删除请求国
The PEP MUST send any outstanding usage feedback data monitored during the feedback interval to the PDP via an unsolicited report message immediately prior to issuing a Delete Request State. This is also the case when the PDP initiates the Delete Request State.
PEP必须在发出删除请求状态之前，通过未经请求的报告消息将反馈间隔期间监控的任何未完成使用反馈数据发送给PDP。PDP启动删除请求状态时也是这种情况。
10 Failover
10故障转移
In the event the connection is lost between the PEP and PDP, the PEP continues to track usage feedback information as long as it continues to enforce installed (cached) policy. When the locally installed policy at the PEP expires, the usage feedback policy data also expires and is no longer monitored.
如果PEP和PDP之间的连接丢失，只要PEP继续实施已安装（缓存）的策略，它就会继续跟踪使用反馈信息。当PEP上本地安装的策略过期时，使用反馈策略数据也将过期，不再受监控。
Upon successful reconnection, where the PEP is still caching policy, the PDP indicates deterministically to the PEP that the PEP may resume usage feedback reporting. The PEP reports all cached usage and resumes periodic reporting, making any needed adjustment to the interval schedule as specified in the reconnection acceptance ACCT Timer.
成功重新连接后，在PEP仍在缓存策略的情况下，PDP决定性地向PEP指示PEP可以恢复使用反馈报告。PEP报告所有缓存的使用情况并恢复定期报告，根据重新连接接受帐户计时器中的规定对间隔计划进行任何必要的调整。
11 Security Considerations
11安全考虑
This document provides a framework for policy usage feedback, using COPS-PR as the transport mechanism. As feedback information is sensitive, it MUST be transported in a secured manner. COPS [RFC2748] and COPS-PR [RFC3084] provide for such secured transport, with mandatory and suggested security mechanisms.
本文档使用COPS-PR作为传输机制，为策略使用反馈提供了一个框架。由于反馈信息是敏感的，因此必须以安全的方式传输。COPS[RFC2748]和COPS-PR[RFC3084]为此类安全运输提供了强制性和建议的安全机制。
The usage feedback information themselves MUST be secured, with their security requirement specified in their respective documents.
必须保护使用反馈信息本身，并在其各自的文档中指定其安全要求。
12 References
12参考文献
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words to use in the RFCs", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC2119]Bradner，S.，“RFC中使用的关键词”，BCP 14，RFC 2119，1997年3月。
[RFC2748] Boyle, J., Cohen, R., Durham, D., Herzog, S., Rajan, R. and A. Sastry, "The COPS (Common Open Policy Service) Protocol", RFC 2748, January 2000.
[RFC2748]Boyle，J.，Cohen，R.，Durham，D.，Herzog，S.，Rajan，R.和A.Sastry，“共同开放政策服务协议”，RFC 27482000年1月。
[RFC2753] Yavatkar, R., Pendarakis, D. and R. Guerin, "A Framework for Policy-based Admission Control", RFC 2753, January 2000.
[RFC2753]Yavatkar，R.，Pendarakis，D.和R.Guerin，“基于政策的准入控制框架”，RFC 2753，2000年1月。
[RFC3084] Chan, K., Durham, D., Gai, S., Herzog, S., McCloghrie, K., Reichmeyer, F., Seligson, J., Smith, A. and R. Yavatkar, "COPS Usage for Policy Provisioning (COPS-PR)", RFC 3084, March 2001.
[RFC3084]Chan，K.，Durham，D.，Gai，S.，Herzog，S.，McCloghrie，K.，Reichmeyer，F.，Seligson，J.，Smith，A.和R.Yavatkar，“策略供应的COPS使用（COPS-PR）”，RFC 30842001年3月。
[SIP-AAA-QOS] Gross, G., Sinnreich, H. Rawlins D. and T. Havinis, "QoS and AAA Usage with SIP Based IP Communications", Work in Progress.
[SIP-AAA-QOS]Gross，G.，Sinnreich，H.Rawlins D.和T.Havinis，“基于SIP的IP通信的QOS和AAA使用”，正在进行中。
13 Authors' Addresses
13作者地址
Diana Rawlins WorldCom 901 International Parkway Richardson, Texas 75081
德克萨斯州理查森国际公园路901号戴安娜·罗林斯世界通信公司，邮编75081
Phone: 972-729-4071 EMail: Diana.Rawlins@wcom.com
电话：972-729-4071电子邮件：戴安娜。Rawlins@wcom.com
Amol Kulkarni JF3-206 2111 NE 25th Ave Hillsboro, Oregon 97124
阿莫尔·库尔卡尼JF3-206 2111美国俄勒冈州希尔斯伯勒东北25大街，邮编：97124
Phone: 503-712-1168 EMail: amol.kulkarni@intel.com
电话：503-712-1168电子邮件：amol。kulkarni@intel.com
Kwok Ho Chan Nortel Networks, Inc. 600 Technology Park Drive Billerica, MA 01821 USA
郭浩灿北电网络有限公司，美国马萨诸塞州比尔里卡科技园大道600号，邮编01821
Phone: 978-288-8175 EMail: khchan@nortelnetworks.com
电话：978-288-8175电子邮件：khchan@nortelnetworks.com
Martin Bokaemper Juniper Networks 700 Silver Seven Road Kanata, ON, K2V 1C3, Canada
Martin Bokaemper Juniper Networks 700 Silver Seven Road Kanata，安大略省，K2V 1C3，加拿大
Phone: 613-591-2735 EMail: mbokaemper@juniper.net
电话：613-591-2735电子邮件：mbokaemper@juniper.net
14 Full Copyright Statement
14完整版权声明
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved.
版权所有（C）互联网协会（2003年）。版权所有。
This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than English.
本文件及其译本可复制并提供给他人，对其进行评论或解释或协助其实施的衍生作品可全部或部分编制、复制、出版和分发，不受任何限制，前提是上述版权声明和本段包含在所有此类副本和衍生作品中。但是，不得以任何方式修改本文件本身，例如删除版权通知或对互联网协会或其他互联网组织的引用，除非出于制定互联网标准的需要，在这种情况下，必须遵循互联网标准过程中定义的版权程序，或根据需要将其翻译成英语以外的其他语言。
The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.
上述授予的有限许可是永久性的，互联网协会或其继承人或受让人不会撤销。
This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
本文件和其中包含的信息是按“原样”提供的，互联网协会和互联网工程任务组否认所有明示或暗示的保证，包括但不限于任何保证，即使用本文中的信息不会侵犯任何权利，或对适销性或特定用途适用性的任何默示保证。
Acknowledgement
确认
Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the Internet Society.
RFC编辑功能的资金目前由互联网协会提供。