Network Working Group A. Doria
Request for Comments: 3294 Lulea University of Technology
Category: Informational K. Sundell
Nortel Networks
June 2002
Network Working Group A. Doria
Request for Comments: 3294 Lulea University of Technology
Category: Informational K. Sundell
Nortel Networks
June 2002
General Switch Management Protocol (GSMP) Applicability
通用交换机管理协议（GSMP）的适用性
Status of this Memo
本备忘录的状况
This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
本备忘录为互联网社区提供信息。它没有规定任何类型的互联网标准。本备忘录的分发不受限制。
Copyright Notice
版权公告
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved.
版权所有（C）互联网协会（2002年）。版权所有。
Abstract
摘要
This memo provides an overview of the GSMP (General Switch Management Protocol) and includes information relating to its deployment in a IP network in an MPLS environment. It does not discuss deployment in an ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) network or in a raw ethernet configuration.
本备忘录概述了GSMP（通用交换机管理协议），并包含了有关其在MPLS环境中的IP网络中部署的信息。它不讨论在ATM（异步传输模式）网络或原始以太网配置中的部署。
The General Switch Management Protocol (GSMP) has been available to the IETF community for several years now as informational RFCs. Both GSMPv1.1 (released in March 1996 as RFC 1987 [2]) and GSMPv2.0 (released in August 1998 as RFC 2297 [3]) are available. Several vendors have implemented GSMPv1.1.
通用交换机管理协议（GSMP）已经作为信息RFC提供给IETF社区好几年了。GSMPv1.1（1996年3月以RFC 1987[2]的形式发布）和GSMPv2.0（1998年8月以RFC 2297[3]的形式发布）均可用。一些供应商已经实现了GSMPv1.1。
In V1.1 and V2 GSMP was intended only for use with ATM switches. During the course of the last two years, the GSMP working group has decided to expand the purview of GSMP to the point where it can be used to control a number of different kinds of switch and can thus live up to what its name indicates; a general switch management protocol. To do this, commands and arguments needed to be generalised and sections needed to be added, discussing the manner in which the generalised protocol could be applied to specific kinds of switches and port types. In short, the protocol has gone through major changes in the last 24 months.
在V1.1和V2中，GSMP仅用于ATM交换机。在过去两年中，GSMP工作组决定扩大GSMP的范围，使其可用于控制多种不同类型的交换机，从而达到其名称所示的效果；通用交换机管理协议。要做到这一点，需要对命令和参数进行泛化，并添加部分，讨论泛化协议可应用于特定类型交换机和端口类型的方式。简言之，该议定书在过去24个月中经历了重大变化。
GSMP provides an interface that can be used to separate the data forwarder from the routing and other control plane protocols such as LDP. As such it allows service providers to move away from monolithic systems that bundle the control plane and the data plane into a single tightly coupled system - usually in a single chassis. Separating the control components from the forwarding components and using GSMP for switch management, enables service providers to create multi-service systems composed of various vendors equipment. It also allows for a more dynamic means of adding services to their networks.
GSMP提供了一个接口，可用于将数据转发器与路由和其他控制平面协议（如LDP）分离。因此，它允许服务提供商从将控制平面和数据平面捆绑到单个紧密耦合系统（通常在单个机箱中）的单片系统中转移。将控制组件与转发组件分离，并使用GSMP进行交换机管理，使服务提供商能够创建由各种供应商设备组成的多服务系统。它还允许更动态地向其网络添加服务。
The IETF GSMP working group was established in the routing area because GSMP was being seen as an optional part of the MPLS solution. In a MPLS system, it is possible to run the routing protocols and label distribution protocols on one system while passing data across a generic switch, e.g., an ATM switch. GSMP provides the switch resource management mechanism needed in such a scenario.
IETF GSMP工作组成立于路由领域，因为GSMP被视为MPLS解决方案的可选部分。在MPLS系统中，可以在一个系统上运行路由协议和标签分发协议，同时通过通用交换机（例如ATM交换机）传递数据。GSMP提供了这种场景中所需的交换机资源管理机制。
GSMP has also been selected by the Multiservice Switching Forum (MSF) as its protocol of choice for the Switch Control Interface identified in their architecture. The MSF is an industry forum which, among its activities establishes their member's requirements and then works with the appropriate standards bodies to foster their goals. In the case of GSMP, the MSF presented the IETF GSMP Working Group with a set of requirements for GSMP. The working group has made a determined effort to comply with those requirements in its specifications.
GSMP还被多服务交换论坛（MSF）选为其架构中确定的交换机控制接口的首选协议。无国界医生组织是一个行业论坛，其活动包括确定其成员的要求，然后与适当的标准机构合作以促进其目标。就GSMP而言，MSF向IETF GSMP工作组提出了一套GSMP要求。工作组已作出坚定的努力，以遵守其规范中的这些要求。
The current version of GSMP is documented in 3 documents:
GSMP的当前版本记录在3个文件中：
- GSMP: General Switch Management protocol V3 [5]
- GSMP：通用交换机管理协议V3[5]
- GSMP-ENCAPS: General Switch Management Protocol (GSMP) Packet Encapsulations for Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), Ethernet and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) [4]
- GSMP-ENCAPS：用于异步传输模式（ATM）、以太网和传输控制协议（TCP）的通用交换机管理协议（GSMP）数据包封装[4]
- GSMP-MIB: Definitions of Managed Objects for the General Switch Management Protocol [1]
- GSMP-MIB：通用交换机管理协议的托管对象定义[1]
The General Switch Management Protocol V3 (GSMPv3) [5], is a general
purpose protocol to control a label switch. GSMP allows a
controller to establish and release connections across the switch;
add and delete leaves on a multicast connection; reserve
resources; manage switch ports; request configuration information;
and request statistics. It also allows the switch to inform the
The General Switch Management Protocol V3 (GSMPv3) [5], is a general
purpose protocol to control a label switch. GSMP allows a
controller to establish and release connections across the switch;
add and delete leaves on a multicast connection; reserve
resources; manage switch ports; request configuration information;
and request statistics. It also allows the switch to inform the
controller of asynchronous events such as a link going down. The GSMPv3 protocol is asymmetric, the controller being the master and the switch being the slave.
异步事件的控制器，如链路断开。GSMPv3协议是非对称的，控制器是主协议，交换机是从协议。
A physical switch can be partitioned into many virtual switches. GSMPv3 does not provide support for defining switch partitions. GSMPv3 treats a virtual switch as if it were a physical switch.
物理交换机可以划分为许多虚拟交换机。GSMPv3不支持定义交换机分区。GSMPv3将虚拟交换机视为物理交换机。
GSMPv3 may be transported in three ways:
GSMPv3可通过三种方式运输：
- GSMPv3 operation across an IP network is specified.
- 指定了跨IP网络的GSMPv3操作。
- GSMPv3 operation across an ATM virtual channel is specified.
- 指定了跨ATM虚拟通道的GSMPv3操作。
- GSMPv3 operation across an Ethernet link is specified.
- 指定了跨以太网链路的GSMPv3操作。
Other encapsulations are possible, but have not been defined. Encapsulations are defined in [4].
其他封装是可能的，但尚未定义。[4]中定义了封装。
A label switch is a frame or cell switch that supports connection oriented switching using the exact match forwarding algorithm based on labels attached to incoming cells or frames.
标签交换机是一种帧或小区交换机，它支持使用基于附加到传入小区或帧的标签的精确匹配转发算法进行面向连接的切换。
A label switch may support multiple label types. However, each switch port can support only one label type. The label type supported by a given port is indicated in a port configuration message. Connections may be established between ports supporting different label types using the adaptation methods. GSMPv3 supports TLV labels similar to those defined in MPLS. Examples of labels which are defined include ATM, Frame Relay, DS1, DS3, E1, E3, MPLS Generic Labels and MPLS FECs.
标签开关可以支持多种标签类型。但是，每个交换机端口只能支持一种标签类型。端口配置消息中指示给定端口支持的标签类型。可以使用自适应方法在支持不同标签类型的端口之间建立连接。GSMPv3支持类似于MPLS中定义的TLV标签。定义的标签示例包括ATM、帧中继、DS1、DS3、E1、E3、MPLS通用标签和MPLS FEC。
A connection across a switch is formed by connecting an incoming labelled channel to one or more outgoing labelled channels. Connections are generally referenced by the input port on which they arrive and the label values of their incoming labelled channel. In some messages, connections are referenced by the output port.
通过将输入带标签通道连接到一个或多个输出带标签通道，形成交换机上的连接。连接通常由它们到达的输入端口及其传入的带标签通道的标签值来引用。在某些消息中，连接由输出端口引用。
GSMPv3 supports point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections. A multipoint-to-point connection is specified by establishing multiple point-to-point connections, each of which specifies the same output label. A multipoint-to-multipoint connection is specified by establishing multiple point-to-multipoint connections each of which specifies a different input label with the same output labels.
GSMPv3支持点对点和点对多点连接。通过建立多个点对点连接来指定多点对点连接，每个点对点连接指定相同的输出标签。多点对多点连接是通过建立多个点对多点连接来指定的，每个点对多点连接使用相同的输出标签指定不同的输入标签。
In general a connection is established with a certain quality of service (QoS). GSMPv3 includes a default QoS Configuration and additionally allows the negotiation of alternative, optional QoS configurations. The default QoS Configuration includes three QoS Models: a default service model, a simple priority model and a QoS profile model. GSMPv3 also supports the reservation of resources when the labels are not yet known. This ability can be used in support of MPLS.
通常，连接是以一定的服务质量（QoS）建立的。GSMPv3包括一个默认的QoS配置，另外还允许协商可选的QoS配置。默认QoS配置包括三个QoS模型：默认服务模型、简单优先级模型和QoS配置文件模型。GSMPv3还支持在标签未知时保留资源。此功能可用于支持MPLS。
GSMP contains an adjacency protocol. The adjacency protocol is used to synchronise states across the link, to negotiate which version of the GSMP protocol to use, to discover the identity of the entity at the other end of a link, and to detect when it changes.
GSMP包含一个邻接协议。邻接协议用于同步链路上的状态，协商使用哪个版本的GSMP协议，发现链路另一端实体的身份，并检测其何时更改。
In GSMPv3 switch partitioning is static and occurs prior to running the protocol. The partitions of a physical switch are isolated from each other by the implementation and the controller assumes that the resources allocated to a partition are at all times available to that partition and only that partition. A partition appears to its controller as a physical label switch. The resources allocated to a partition appear to the controller as if they were the actual physical resources of a physical switch. For example if the bandwidth of a port is divided among several partitions, each partition would appear to the controller to have its own independent port with its fixed set of resources.
在GSMPv3中，交换机分区是静态的，发生在运行协议之前。物理交换机的分区通过实现相互隔离，控制器假设分配给分区的资源在任何时候都可用于该分区，并且仅限于该分区。分区在其控制器看来是一个物理标签开关。分配给分区的资源在控制器看来似乎是物理交换机的实际物理资源。例如，如果一个端口的带宽被划分到几个分区中，那么在控制器看来，每个分区都有自己的独立端口及其固定的资源集。
GSMPv3 controls a partitioned switch through the use of a partition identifier that is carried in every GSMPv3 message. Each partition has a one-to-one control relationship with its own logical controller entity (which in the remainder of the document is referred to simply as a controller) and GSMPv3 independently maintains adjacency between each controller-partition pair.
GSMPv3通过使用每个GSMPv3消息中携带的分区标识符来控制分区交换机。每个分区与其自己的逻辑控制器实体（在本文档的其余部分中简称为控制器）具有一对一的控制关系，GSMPv3独立地维护每个控制器分区对之间的邻接关系。
Multiple switches may be controlled by a single controller using multiple instantiations of the protocol over separate control connections.
多个交换机可以由单个控制器通过单独的控制连接使用协议的多个实例化来控制。
Alternatively, multiple controllers can control a single switch. Each controller would establish a control connection to the switch using the adjacency protocol. The adjacency mechanism maintains a state table indicating the control connections that are being maintained by the same partition. The switch provides information to the controller group about the number and identity of the attached controllers. It does nothing, however, to co-ordinate the activities
或者，多个控制器可以控制单个开关。每个控制器将使用邻接协议建立到交换机的控制连接。邻接机制维护一个状态表，指示由同一分区维护的控制连接。该开关向控制器组提供有关所连接控制器的编号和标识的信息。然而，它并没有协调这些活动
of the controllers, and will execute all commands as they are received. It is the controller group's responsibility to co-ordinate its use of the switch. This mechanism is most commonly used for controller redundancy and load sharing. Definition of the mechanism by which controllers use to co-ordinate their control is not within GSMPv3's scope.
并将在接收到所有命令时执行这些命令。控制小组负责协调开关的使用。这种机制最常用于控制器冗余和负载共享。控制器用于协调其控制的机制的定义不在GSMPv3的范围内。
All GSMPv3 switches support the default QoS Configuration. A GSMPv3 switch may additionally support one or more alternative QoS Configurations. GSMP includes a negotiation mechanism that allows a controller to select from the QoS configurations that a switch supports.
所有GSMPv3交换机都支持默认的QoS配置。GSMPv3交换机还可以支持一个或多个备选QoS配置。GSMP包括一种协商机制，允许控制器从交换机支持的QoS配置中进行选择。
The default QoS Configuration includes three models:
默认QoS配置包括三种型号：
The Service Model is based on service definitions found external to GSMP such as in CR-LDP, Integrated Services or ATM Service Categories. Each connection is assigned a specific service that defines the handling of the connection by the switch. Additionally, traffic parameters and traffic controls may be assigned to the connection depending on the assigned service.
服务模型基于GSMP外部的服务定义，如CR-LDP、集成服务或ATM服务类别。每个连接都分配了一个特定的服务，该服务定义了交换机对连接的处理。此外，根据分配的服务，可以向连接分配流量参数和流量控制。
In the Simple Abstract Model a connection is assigned a priority when it is established. It may be assumed that for connections that share the same output port, a cell or frame on a connection with a higher priority is much more likely to exit the switch before a cell or frame on a connection with a lower priority if they are both in the switch at the same time.
在简单抽象模型中，一个连接在建立时被分配一个优先级。可以假设，对于共享相同输出端口的连接，如果具有较高优先级的连接上的小区或帧同时位于交换机中，则在具有较低优先级的连接上的小区或帧之前，具有较高优先级的连接上的小区或帧更有可能退出交换机。
The QoS Profile Model provides a simple mechanism that allows QoS semantics defined externally to GSMP to be assigned to connections. Each profile is an opaque indicator that has been predefined in the controller and in the switch.
QoS概要文件模型提供了一种简单的机制，允许将GSMP外部定义的QoS语义分配给连接。每个配置文件都是在控制器和交换机中预定义的不透明指示器。
The following table gives a summary of the messages defined in this version of the specification. It also makes a recommendation of the minimal set of messages that should be supported in an MPLS environment. These messages will be labelled as "Required", though the service provided by the other messages are essential for the operation of carrier quality controller/switch operations. GSMPv1.1 or GSMPv2 commands that are no longer support are marked as "Obsolete" and should no longer be used.
下表总结了本规范版本中定义的消息。它还建议MPLS环境中应支持的最小消息集。这些信息将被标记为“必需”，尽管其他信息提供的服务对于运营商质量控制器/交换机操作至关重要。不再支持的GSMPv1.1或GSMPv2命令被标记为“过时”，不应再使用。
Message Name Message Number Status
消息名称消息编号状态
Connection Management Messages
Add Branch........................16 Required
ATM Specific - VPC............26
Delete Tree.......................18
Verify Tree.......................19 Obsoleted
Delete All Input..................20
Delete All Output.................21
Delete Branches...................17 Required
Move Output Branch................22
ATM Specific - VPC............27
Move Input Branch.................23
ATM Specific - VPC............28
Connection Management Messages
Add Branch........................16 Required
ATM Specific - VPC............26
Delete Tree.......................18
Verify Tree.......................19 Obsoleted
Delete All Input..................20
Delete All Output.................21
Delete Branches...................17 Required
Move Output Branch................22
ATM Specific - VPC............27
Move Input Branch.................23
ATM Specific - VPC............28
Port Management Messages
Port Management...................32 Required
Label Range.......................33
Port Management Messages
Port Management...................32 Required
Label Range.......................33
State and Statistics Messages
Connection Activity...............48
Port Statistics...................49 Required
Connection Statistics.............50
QoS Class Statistics..............51 Reserved
Report Connection State...........52
State and Statistics Messages
Connection Activity...............48
Port Statistics...................49 Required
Connection Statistics.............50
QoS Class Statistics..............51 Reserved
Report Connection State...........52
Configuration Messages
Switch Configuration..............64 Required
Port Configuration................65 Required
All Ports Configuration...........66 Required
Service Configuration.............67
Configuration Messages
Switch Configuration..............64 Required
Port Configuration................65 Required
All Ports Configuration...........66 Required
Service Configuration.............67
Reservation Messages
Reservation Request...............70 Required
Delete Reservation................71 Required
Delete All Reservations...........72
Reservation Messages
Reservation Request...............70 Required
Delete Reservation................71 Required
Delete All Reservations...........72
Event Messages
Port Up...........................80
Port Down.........................81
Invalid Label.....................82
New Port..........................83
Dead Port.........................84
Event Messages
Port Up...........................80
Port Down.........................81
Invalid Label.....................82
New Port..........................83
Dead Port.........................84
Abstract and Resource Model Extension Messages
Reserved.Message Range.........200-249
Abstract and Resource Model Extension Messages
Reserved.Message Range.........200-249
Adjacency Protocol.................10 Required
Adjacency Protocol.................10 Required
The security of GSMP's TCP/IP control channel has been addressed in [4]. For all uses of GSMP over an IP network, it is REQUIRED that GSMP be run over TCP/IP using the security considerations discussed in [4].
GSMP的TCP/IP控制通道的安全性已在[4]中说明。对于通过IP网络使用GSMP的所有情况，需要使用[4]中讨论的安全注意事项通过TCP/IP运行GSMP。
References
工具书类
[1] Sjostrand, H., Buerkle, J. and B. Srinivasan, "Definitions of Managed Objects for the General Switch Management Protocol (GSMP)", RFC 3295, June 2002.
[1] Sjostrand，H.，Buerkle，J.和B.Srinivasan，“通用交换机管理协议（GSMP）受管对象的定义”，RFC 32952002年6月。
[2] Newman, P., Edwards, W., Hinden, R., Hoffman, E., Ching Liaw, F., Lyon, T. and Minshall, G., "Ipsilon's General Switch Management Protocol Specification Version 1.1", RFC 1987, August 1996.
[2] Newman，P.，Edwards，W.，Hinden，R.，Hoffman，E.，Ching Liaw，F.，Lyon，T.和Minshall，G.，“Ipsilon的通用交换机管理协议规范版本1.1”，RFC 1987，1996年8月。
[3] Newman, P., Edwards, W., Hinden, R., Hoffman, E., Ching Liaw, F., Lyon, T. and G. Minshall, "Ipsilon's General Switch Management Protocol Specification Version 2.0", RFC 2297, March 1998.
[3] Newman，P.，Edwards，W.，Hinden，R.，Hoffman，E.，Ching Liaw，F.，Lyon，T.和G.Minshall，“Ipsilon的通用交换机管理协议规范版本2.0”，RFC 2297，1998年3月。
[4] Worster, T., Doria, A. and J. Buerkle, "General Switch Management Protocol (GSMP) Packet Encapsulations for Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), Ethernet and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)", RFC 3293, June 2002.
[4] Worster，T.，Doria，A.和J.Buerkle，“异步传输模式（ATM）、以太网和传输控制协议（TCP）的通用交换机管理协议（GSMP）数据包封装”，RFC 3293，2002年6月。
[5] Doria, A., Sundell, K., Hellstrand, F. and T. Worster, "General Switch Management Protocol (GSMP) V3", RFC 3292, June 2002.
[5] Doria，A.，Sundell，K.，Hellstrand，F.和T.Worster，“通用交换机管理协议（GSMP）V3”，RFC 3292，2002年6月。
Authors' Addresses
作者地址
Avri Doria Div. of Computer Communications Lulea University of Technology S-971 87 Lulea Sweden
Lulea科技大学计算机通信系Avri Doria Div. -瑞典87
Phone: +1 401 663 5024
EMail: avri@acm.org
Phone: +1 401 663 5024
EMail: avri@acm.org
Kenneth Sundell Nortel Networks AB S:t Eriksgatan 115 A P.O. Box 6701 SE-113 85 Stockholm Sweden
Kenneth Sundell Nortel Networks AB S:t Eriksgatan 115 A邮政信箱6701 SE-113 85瑞典斯德哥尔摩
EMail: sundell@nortelnetworks.com
EMail: sundell@nortelnetworks.com
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本文件和其中包含的信息是按“原样”提供的，互联网协会和互联网工程任务组否认所有明示或暗示的保证，包括但不限于任何保证，即使用本文中的信息不会侵犯任何权利，或对适销性或特定用途适用性的任何默示保证。
Acknowledgement
确认
Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the Internet Society.
RFC编辑功能的资金目前由互联网协会提供。