Network Working Group J. Heinanen
Request for Comments: 2698 Telia Finland
Category: Informational R. Guerin
University of Pennsylvania
September 1999
Network Working Group J. Heinanen
Request for Comments: 2698 Telia Finland
Category: Informational R. Guerin
University of Pennsylvania
September 1999
A Two Rate Three Color Marker
二流三色标记
Status of this Memo
本备忘录的状况
This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
本备忘录为互联网社区提供信息。它没有规定任何类型的互联网标准。本备忘录的分发不受限制。
Copyright Notice
版权公告
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999). All Rights Reserved.
版权所有（C）互联网协会（1999年）。版权所有。
Abstract
摘要
This document defines a Two Rate Three Color Marker (trTCM), which can be used as a component in a Diffserv traffic conditioner [RFC2475, RFC2474]. The trTCM meters an IP packet stream and marks its packets based on two rates, Peak Information Rate (PIR) and Committed Information Rate (CIR), and their associated burst sizes to be either green, yellow, or red. A packet is marked red if it exceeds the PIR. Otherwise it is marked either yellow or green depending on whether it exceeds or doesn't exceed the CIR.
本文档定义了一个双速率三色标记（trTCM），它可以用作Diffserv流量调节器[RFC2475，RFC2474]中的一个组件。trTCM测量IP数据包流，并基于两种速率（峰值信息速率（PIR）和提交信息速率（CIR））标记其数据包，并将其关联的突发大小标记为绿色、黄色或红色。如果数据包超过PIR，则将其标记为红色。否则，将根据其是否超过CIR标记为黄色或绿色。
The Two Rate Three Color Marker (trTCM) meters an IP packet stream and marks its packets either green, yellow, or red. A packet is marked red if it exceeds the Peak Information Rate (PIR). Otherwise it is marked either yellow or green depending on whether it exceeds or doesn't exceed the Committed Information Rate (CIR). The trTCM is useful, for example, for ingress policing of a service, where a peak rate needs to be enforced separately from a committed rate.
双速率三色标记（trTCM）测量IP数据包流并将其数据包标记为绿色、黄色或红色。如果数据包超过峰值信息速率（PIR），则将其标记为红色。否则，它将被标记为黄色或绿色，这取决于它是否超过提交的信息速率（CIR）。例如，trTCM对于服务的入口监管是有用的，其中峰值速率需要与提交速率分开实施。
The Meter meters each packet and passes the packet and the metering result to the Marker:
仪表测量每个数据包，并将数据包和测量结果传递给标记器：
+------------+
| Result |
| V
+-------+ +--------+
| | | |
Packet Stream ===>| Meter |===>| Marker |===> Marked Packet Stream
| | | |
+-------+ +--------+
The Meter operates in one of two modes. In the Color-Blind mode, the
Meter assumes that the packet stream is uncolored. In the Color-
Aware mode the Meter assumes that some preceding entity has pre-
colored the incoming packet stream so that each packet is either
green, yellow, or red. The details of the pre-coloring process,
including handling of error scenarios, and how the Meter determines
the color of a pre-colored packet are DS domain specific and outside
the scope of this document.
+------------+
| Result |
| V
+-------+ +--------+
| | | |
Packet Stream ===>| Meter |===>| Marker |===> Marked Packet Stream
| | | |
+-------+ +--------+
The Meter operates in one of two modes. In the Color-Blind mode, the
Meter assumes that the packet stream is uncolored. In the Color-
Aware mode the Meter assumes that some preceding entity has pre-
colored the incoming packet stream so that each packet is either
green, yellow, or red. The details of the pre-coloring process,
including handling of error scenarios, and how the Meter determines
the color of a pre-colored packet are DS domain specific and outside
the scope of this document.
The Marker (re)colors an IP packet according to the results of the Meter. The color is coded in the DS field [RFC2474] of the packet in a PHB specific manner (see section 4 for an example).
标记（重新）根据仪表的结果为IP数据包着色。颜色以PHB特定方式编码在数据包的DS字段[RFC2474]中（示例见第4节）。
A companion document [RFC2697] describes another three color marker, called a Single Rate Three Color Maker (srTCM), where packets are marked based on a single rate and two burst sizes.
附带文档[RFC2697]描述了另一种三色标记，称为单速率三色标记器（srTCM），其中数据包基于单速率和两个突发大小进行标记。
The trTCM is configured by setting its mode and by assigning values to four traffic parameters: a Peak Information Rate (PIR) and its associated Peak Burst Size (PBS) and a Committed Information Rate (CIR) and its associated Committed Burst Size (CBS).
trTCM通过设置其模式并将值分配给四个流量参数来配置：峰值信息速率（PIR）及其相关峰值突发大小（PBS）、提交信息速率（CIR）及其相关提交突发大小（CBS）。
The PIR and CIR are measured in bytes of IP packets per second, i.e., it includes the IP header, but not link specific headers. The PIR must be equal to or greater than the CIR.
PIR和CIR以每秒IP数据包的字节为单位进行测量，即，它包括IP报头，但不包括特定于链路的报头。PIR必须等于或大于CIR。
The PBS and the CBS and are measured in bytes and both of them must be configured to be greater than 0. It is recommended that they be configured to be equal to or greater than the size of the largest possible IP packet in the stream.
PBS和CBS和是以字节为单位测量的，它们必须配置为大于0。建议将它们配置为等于或大于流中最大可能IP数据包的大小。
The behavior of the Meter is specified in terms of its mode and two token buckets, P and C, with rates PIR and CIR, respectively. The maximum size of the token bucket P is PBS and the maximum size of the token bucket C is CBS.
电表的行为是根据其模式和两个令牌桶P和C来指定的，其速率分别为PIR和CIR。令牌桶P的最大大小为PBS，令牌桶C的最大大小为CBS。
The token buckets P and C are initially (at time 0) full, i.e., the token count Tp(0) = PBS and the token count Tc(0) = CBS. Thereafter, the token count Tp is incremented by one PIR times per second up to PBS and the token count Tc is incremented by one CIR times per second up to CBS.
令牌桶P和C最初（在时间0时）已满，即令牌计数Tp（0）=PBS和令牌计数Tc（0）=CBS。此后，令牌计数Tp在PBS之前每秒增加一次PIR，并且令牌计数Tc在CBS之前每秒增加一次CIR。
When a packet of size B bytes arrives at time t, the following happens if the trTCM is configured to operate in the Color-Blind mode:
当大小为B字节的数据包在时间t到达时，如果trTCM配置为在色盲模式下工作，则会发生以下情况：
o If Tp(t)-B < 0, the packet is red, else
o 如果Tp（t）-B<0，则数据包为红色，否则为红色
o if Tc(t)-B < 0, the packet is yellow and Tp is decremented by B, else
o 如果Tc（t）-B<0，则数据包为黄色，Tp由B递减，否则
o the packet is green and both Tp and Tc are decremented by B.
o 数据包是绿色的，Tp和Tc都由B递减。
When a packet of size B bytes arrives at time t, the following happens if the trTCM is configured to operate in the Color-Aware mode:
当大小为B字节的数据包在时间t到达时，如果trTCM配置为在颜色感知模式下工作，则会发生以下情况：
o If the packet has been precolored as red or if Tp(t)-B < 0, the packet is red, else
o 如果数据包已预着色为红色或如果Tp（t）-B<0，则数据包为红色，否则
o if the packet has been precolored as yellow or if Tc(t)-B < 0, the packet is yellow and Tp is decremented by B, else
o 如果数据包已预着色为黄色，或者如果Tc（t）-B<0，则数据包为黄色，Tp由B递减，否则
o the packet is green and both Tp and Tc are decremented by B.
o 数据包是绿色的，Tp和Tc都由B递减。
The actual implementation of a Meter doesn't need to be modeled according to the above formal specification.
仪表的实际实现不需要根据上述正式规范进行建模。
The Marker reflects the metering result by setting the DS field of the packet to a particular codepoint. In case of the AF PHB [RFC2597], the color can be coded as the drop precedence of the packet.
该标记通过将分组的DS字段设置为特定码点来反映计量结果。在AF PHB[RFC2597]的情况下，可以将颜色编码为分组的丢弃优先级。
The trTCM can be used to mark a IP packet stream in a service, where different, decreasing levels of assurances (either absolute or relative) are given to packets which are green, yellow, or red. For example, a service may discard all red packets, because they exceeded the peak rate, forward yellow packets as best effort, and forward green packets with a low drop probability.
trTCM可用于标记服务中的IP分组流，其中对绿色、黄色或红色分组给出不同的、递减的保证级别（绝对或相对）。例如，服务可以丢弃所有红包，因为它们超过了峰值速率，以最大努力转发黄包，以较低的丢弃概率转发绿包。
The trTCM has no known security concerns.
trTCM没有已知的安全问题。
[RFC2697] Heinanen, J. and R. Guerin, "A Single Rate Three Color Marker", RFC 2697, September 1999.
[RFC2697]Heinanen，J.和R.Guerin，“单速率三色标记”，RFC 26971999年9月。
[RFC2597] Heinanen, J., Baker, F., Weiss, W. and J. Wroclawski, "Assured Forwarding PHB Group", RFC 2597, June 1999.
[RFC2597]Heinanen，J.，Baker，F.，Weiss，W.和J.Wroclawski，“保付PHB集团”，RFC 25971999年6月。
[RFC2474] Nichols, K., Blake, S., Baker, F. and D. Black, "Definition of the Differentiated Services Field (DS Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6 Headers", RFC 2474, December 1998.
[RFC2474]Nichols，K.，Blake，S.，Baker，F.和D.Black，“IPv4和IPv6标头中区分服务字段（DS字段）的定义”，RFC 2474，1998年12月。
[RFC2475] Blake, S., Black, D., Carlson, M., Davies, E., Wang, Z and W. Weiss, "An Architecture for Differentiated Services", RFC 2475, December 1998.
[RFC2475]Blake，S.，Black，D.，Carlson，M.，Davies，E.，Wang，Z和W.Weiss，“差异化服务架构”，RFC 24751998年12月。
Juha Heinanen Telia Finland, Inc. Myyrmaentie 2 01600 Vantaa, Finland
Juha Heinanen Telia Finland，Inc.Myyrmaentie 2 01600 Vantaa，芬兰
EMail: jh@telia.fi
EMail: jh@telia.fi
Roch Guerin University of Pennsylvania Department of Electrical Engineering, Rm 367 GRW 200 South 33rd Street Philadelphia, PA 19104
宾夕法尼亚大学电气工程系，费城南第三十三街367号200号，19104
EMail: guerin@ee.upenn.edu
EMail: guerin@ee.upenn.edu
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999). All Rights Reserved.
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Acknowledgement
确认
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