Network Working Group L. Masinter
Request for Comments: 2542 Xerox Corporation
Category: Informational March 1999
Network Working Group L. Masinter
Request for Comments: 2542 Xerox Corporation
Category: Informational March 1999
Terminology and Goals for Internet Fax
因特网传真的术语和目标
Status of this Memo
本备忘录的状况
This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
本备忘录为互联网社区提供信息。它没有规定任何类型的互联网标准。本备忘录的分发不受限制。
Copyright Notice
版权公告
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999). All Rights Reserved.
版权所有（C）互联网协会（1999年）。版权所有。
Abstract
摘要
This document defines a number of terms useful for the discussion of Internet Fax. In addition, it describes the goals of the Internet Fax working group and establishes a baseline of desired functionality against which protocols for Internet Fax can be judged. It encompasses the goals for all modes of facsimile delivery, including 'real-time', 'session', and 'store and forward'. Different levels of desirability are indicated throughout the document.
本文件定义了一些对讨论互联网传真有用的术语。此外，它还描述了Internet传真工作组的目标，并建立了所需功能的基线，据此可以判断Internet传真协议。它包括所有传真传送模式的目标，包括“实时”、“会话”和“存储转发”。文件中指出了不同级别的可取性。
Table of Contents
目录
1. Introduction .................................................. 2
2. Definitions and Operational Modes ............................. 3
2.1 User model of fax ........................................... 3
2.2 Definition of Internet Fax .................................. 4
2.3 Internet Fax Roles .......................................... 5
2.4 Internet Fax Devices ........................................ 5
2.5 Operational modes ........................................... 8
3. Goals for Internet Fax ........................................ 8
4. Operational Goals for Internet Fax ............................ 9
4.1 Functionality ............................................... 9
4.2 Interoperability ............................................ 9
4.3 Confirmation ................................................ 10
4.4 Quick Delivery .............................................. 11
4.5 Capabilities ................................................ 12
4.6 Simplicity .................................................. 12
4.7 Security .................................................... 13
4.8 Reliability ................................................. 14
4.9 Fax-like use ................................................ 14
4.10 Legal ...................................................... 15
1. Introduction .................................................. 2
2. Definitions and Operational Modes ............................. 3
2.1 User model of fax ........................................... 3
2.2 Definition of Internet Fax .................................. 4
2.3 Internet Fax Roles .......................................... 5
2.4 Internet Fax Devices ........................................ 5
2.5 Operational modes ........................................... 8
3. Goals for Internet Fax ........................................ 8
4. Operational Goals for Internet Fax ............................ 9
4.1 Functionality ............................................... 9
4.2 Interoperability ............................................ 9
4.3 Confirmation ................................................ 10
4.4 Quick Delivery .............................................. 11
4.5 Capabilities ................................................ 12
4.6 Simplicity .................................................. 12
4.7 Security .................................................... 13
4.8 Reliability ................................................. 14
4.9 Fax-like use ................................................ 14
4.10 Legal ...................................................... 15
5. Functional Goals for Internet Fax ............................. 15
5.1 Goals for image data representation ......................... 15
5.2 Goals for transmission ...................................... 16
5.3 Goals for addressing ........................................ 16
5.4 Goals for security .......................................... 17
5.5 Goals for capability exchange ............................... 17
6. Security Considerations ....................................... 18
7. Acknowledgements .............................................. 18
8. Author's Address .............................................. 18
9. References .................................................... 19
10. Full Copyright Statement ..................................... 20
5. Functional Goals for Internet Fax ............................. 15
5.1 Goals for image data representation ......................... 15
5.2 Goals for transmission ...................................... 16
5.3 Goals for addressing ........................................ 16
5.4 Goals for security .......................................... 17
5.5 Goals for capability exchange ............................... 17
6. Security Considerations ....................................... 18
7. Acknowledgements .............................................. 18
8. Author's Address .............................................. 18
9. References .................................................... 19
10. Full Copyright Statement ..................................... 20
Facsimile (Fax) has a long tradition as a telephony application for sending a document from one terminal device to another.
传真作为从一个终端设备向另一个终端设备发送文件的电话应用程序有着悠久的传统。
Many mechanisms for sending fax documents over the Internet have been demonstrated and deployed and are currently in use. The general application of using the Internet for facsimile is called "Internet Fax".
许多通过互联网发送传真文件的机制已经得到演示和部署，目前正在使用。使用因特网进行传真的一般应用称为“因特网传真”。
This document defines a number of terms useful for the discussion of Internet Fax. In addition, it describes the goals for Internet Fax and establishes a baseline of desired functionality against which protocols for Internet Fax can be judged. It encompasses the goals for all modes of facsimile delivery, including "real-time", "session", and "store and forward" (terms defined in Section 2 of this document).
本文件定义了一些对讨论互联网传真有用的术语。此外，它还描述了Internet传真的目标，并建立了所需功能的基线，根据这些基线可以判断Internet传真协议。它包括所有传真传送模式的目标，包括“实时”、“会话”和“存储和转发”（本文件第2节定义的术语）。
1.1 Terminology used within this document
1.1 本文件中使用的术语
Within this document, different levels of desirability for a protocol for Internet Fax are indicated by different priorities, indicated in {braces}:
在本文件中，{大括号}中所示的不同优先级表示互联网传真协议的不同期望级别：
{1} there is general agreement that this is a critical characteristic of any definition of Internet Fax. {2} most believe that this is an important characteristic of Internet Fax. {3} there is general belief that this is a useful feature of Internet Fax, but that other factors might override; a definition that does not provide this element is acceptable.
{1} 人们普遍认为，这是互联网传真定义的一个关键特征。{2} 大多数人认为这是互联网传真的一个重要特征。{3} 人们普遍认为，这是互联网传真的一个有用功能，但其他因素可能会压倒这一功能；不提供此元素的定义是可接受的。
In addition, the following terms are used:
此外，还使用了以下术语：
"service" An operational service offered by a service provider. "application" A use of systems to perform a particular function. "terminal" The endpoint of a communication application. "goal" An objective of the standarization process.
“服务”由服务提供商提供的运营服务。“应用”指使用系统来执行特定功能。“终端”通信应用程序的端点。“目标”是标准化过程的目标。
This section defines some of the basic terms for Internet Fax.
本节定义了Internet传真的一些基本术语。
The phrase "traditional facsimile" or "G3Fax" is used to denote implementations of [T.30]. Facsimile (fax) is a telephony application for sending a document from one terminal device to another.
短语“传统传真”或“G3Fax”用于表示[T.30]的实现。传真是一种电话应用程序，用于将文件从一个终端设备发送到另一个终端设备。
The telephone network is often referred to as the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) or Global Switched Telephone Network (GSTN).
电话网络通常被称为公共交换电话网（PSTN）或全球交换电话网（GSTN）。
Communication over the telephone network is accomplished using modems. The transmission of data end-to-end is accompanied by negotiation (to ensure that the scanned data can be rendered at the recipient) and confirmation of delivery (to give the sender assurance that the final data has been received and processed.) Over time, facsimile has been extended to allow for PCs using fax modems to send and receive fax, to send data other than scanned facsimile images. In addition, there have been many extensions to the basic image model, to allow for additional compression methods and for representation of images with grey-scale and color. Other delivery extensions have included sub-addressing (additional signals after the call is established to facilitate automated routing of faxes to desktops or mailboxes), and enhanced features such as fax-back and polling.
通过电话网络的通信是使用调制解调器完成的。数据的端到端传输伴随着协商（以确保扫描数据可在收件人处提供）和交付确认（向发件人保证最终数据已被接收和处理）。随着时间的推移，传真已扩展到允许使用传真调制解调器的PC发送和接收传真，发送扫描传真图像以外的数据。此外，对基本图像模型进行了许多扩展，以允许使用其他压缩方法，并使用灰度和颜色表示图像。其他交付扩展包括子寻址（建立呼叫后的附加信号，以便于传真自动路由到桌面或邮箱），以及增强功能，如传真回和轮询。
Typically, the terminal device consists of a paper input device (scanner), a paper output device (printer), with (a limited amount of) processing power. Traditional facsimile has a simple user operational model; the user
通常，终端设备由具有（有限量）处理能力的纸张输入设备（扫描仪）、纸张输出设备（打印机）组成。传统传真具有简单的用户操作模式；用户
1) inserts paper into a device 2) dials a number corresponding to the destination 3) presses the 'start' button on the device 4) the sending device connects to the receiving device using the telephone network 5) the sending device scans the paper and transmits the image of the paper 6) simultaneously, the remote device receives the transmission and prints the image on paper
1) 将纸张插入设备2）拨打与目的地对应的号码3）按下设备上的“开始”按钮4）发送设备使用电话网络连接到接收设备5）发送设备扫描纸张并同时发送纸张图像6），远程设备接收传输并将图像打印在纸上
7) upon completion of transmission and successful processing by the recipient, the sending user is notified of success
7) 在接收方完成传输和成功处理后，发送用户将收到成功通知
Although not usually visible to the user, the operation (5) of transmission consists of
尽管用户通常看不到变速箱的操作（5），但变速箱的操作包括
5a) negotiation: the capabilities of the recipient are obtained, and suitable mutually available parameters for the communication are selected 5b) scanning: creating digitized images of pages of a document 5c) compression: the image data is encoded using a data compression method 5d) transmission: the data is sent from one terminal to the other
5a）协商：获得接收者的能力，并为通信选择合适的相互可用参数5b）扫描：创建文档页面的数字化图像5c）压缩：使用数据压缩方法对图像数据进行编码5d）传输：数据从一个终端发送到另一个终端
In addition, the terminiation of operations (5d) and (6) may be characterized as consisting of:
此外，操作（5d）和（6）的终止可被描述为包括：
6a) completed delivery: the message has completed transmission 6b) completed receipt: the message has been accepted by the recipient 6c) processing and disposition: the message has been processed
6a）完成交付：邮件已完成传输6b）完成接收：邮件已被收件人接受6c）处理和处置：邮件已处理
From a protocol perspective, the information conveyed in the transmission consists of both "protocol" (control information, capabilities, identification) and also "document content".
从协议的角度来看，传输中传递的信息包括“协议”（控制信息、能力、标识）和“文档内容”。
The document content consists primarily of the "document image" plus additional metadata accompanying the image. The means by which an image of a document is encoded within the fax content is the "image data representation".
文档内容主要由“文档图像”以及图像附带的其他元数据组成。在传真内容中对文档图像进行编码的方式是“图像数据表示”。
When the fax has been successfully transmitted, the sender receives a "confirmation": an indication that the fax content was delivered. This "confirmation" is an internal signal and is not normally visible to the sending user, although some error messages are visible, to allow a page to be retransmitted.
传真成功发送后，发送方收到“确认”：传真内容已发送的指示。此“确认”是一个内部信号，发送用户通常不可见，尽管某些错误消息可见，以允许重新传输页面。
The phrase "Internet Fax" is used to denote an application which supports an approximation to the user model of fax (Section 2.1), but where Internet protocols are used instead of the telephone network for (some portion of) the transmission. The exact modes and operations of traditional facsimile need not be duplicated exactly.
短语“互联网传真”用于表示支持近似传真用户模型（第2.1节）的应用程序，但使用互联网协议代替电话网络进行（部分）传输。传统传真的精确模式和操作不需要精确复制。
Internet Fax is a document transmission mechanism between various different devices and roles. Those devices and roles might come in a wide variety of configurations. To allow for a wide variety of configurations, it is useful to separate out the roles, as they may be made available separately or in combination. These roles are:
Internet传真是各种不同设备和角色之间的文档传输机制。这些设备和角色可能有多种配置。为了允许各种各样的配置，将角色分开是很有用的，因为它们可以单独使用，也可以组合使用。这些角色是：
* Network scanner A device that can scan a paper document and transmit the scanned image via the Internet
* 网络扫描仪可以扫描纸质文档并通过互联网传输扫描图像的设备
* Network printer A device that can accept an image transmission via the Internet and print the received document automatically
* 网络打印机一种设备，可以接受通过互联网传输的图像，并自动打印接收到的文档
* Fax onramp gateway A device that can accept a facsimile telephone call and automatically forward it via the Internet
* 传真接入网关可以接受传真电话呼叫并通过互联网自动转发的设备
* Fax offramp gateway A device that can accept a transmission from the Internet and forward it to a traditional fax terminal
* 传真出口网关：一种可以接受来自互联网的传输并将其转发到传统传真终端的设备
In addition, other traditional Internet applications might also participate in Internet Fax, including Internet mail users, Web browsers, Internet printing hosts.
此外，其他传统互联网应用程序也可能参与互联网传真，包括互联网邮件用户、网络浏览器、互联网打印主机。
The Internet Fax roles may be embedded in a variety of combinations and configurations within devices and larger applications. They may be combined with other elements, e.g., a traditional T.30 fax device. Many different configurations of applications and systems should {2} be able to participate in Internet Fax; the specification should not unnecessarily restrict the range of devices, applications and services that can participate.
因特网传真角色可以嵌入在设备和更大应用程序中的各种组合和配置中。它们可以与其他元件组合，例如传统的T.30传真设备。许多不同配置的应用程序和系统应{2}能够参与互联网传真；规范不应不必要地限制可参与的设备、应用程序和服务的范围。
A device that supports Internet Fax might support any combination of the roles defined in 2.3.
支持Internet传真的设备可能支持2.3中定义的角色的任意组合。
A traditional fax terminal has a telephone line connection (GSTN) with a fax modem used to connect over the telephone network. To connect a fax terminal to the Internet requires a service which offers connections on one side to the GSTN using standard fax signals, and on the other side to the Internet. This role might be
传统的传真终端具有电话线连接（GSTN）和传真调制解调器，用于通过电话网络进行连接。要将传真终端连接到互联网，需要一种服务，该服务使用标准传真信号在一端连接到GSTN，在另一端连接到互联网。这个角色可能是
performed by a "relay" (e.g., transmitting T.30 signals over real-time controlled TCP connections) or a "gateway" (e.g., translating T.30 to TIFF/email).
由“中继”（例如，通过实时控制的TCP连接传输T.30信号）或“网关”（例如，将T.30转换为TIFF/电子邮件）执行。
With these applications, the role of Internet Fax is to transport the fax content across the Internet, e.g., with
在这些应用程序中，Internet传真的作用是在Internet上传输传真内容，例如使用
[fax-term]-GSTNfax->[onramp]-Internet Fax->[recipient]
[sender]-Internet Fax->[offramp]-GSTNFax->[fax-term]
[fax-term]-GSTNfax->[onramp]-Internet Fax->[recipient]
[sender]-Internet Fax->[offramp]-GSTNFax->[fax-term]
A onramp and/or offramp application may be local to a single fax terminal. For example, the gateway application might exist within a small device which has a telephone interface on one side and a network connection on the other. To the fax machine, it looks like a telephone connection, although it might shunt some or all connections to Internet Fax instead (Such devices are called "Bump-in-cord.")
入站和/或出站应用程序可以是单个传真终端的本地应用程序。例如，网关应用程序可能存在于一边有电话接口另一边有网络连接的小型设备中。对于传真机来说，它看起来像一个电话连接，尽管它可能会将部分或全部连接分流到Internet传真（这种设备称为“插线”）
An onramp or offramp application may be a local facility serving many fax terminals. For example, outgoing telephone fax calls through a company telephone PBX could be rerouted through a local onramp. An internet to telephone outbound connection could be part of a "LAN Fax" package.
入站或出站应用程序可以是服务于许多传真终端的本地设施。例如，通过公司电话PBX发出的电话传真呼叫可以通过本地入口改道。internet到电话的出站连接可能是“LAN传真”包的一部分。
Onramps and offramps may serve a wider area or broader collection of users, e.g., services run by service bureaus, offering subscription services; the telephone sender or the recipient might subscribe to the service.
入站和出站可能服务于更广泛的领域或更广泛的用户集合，例如，服务局运营的服务，提供订阅服务；电话发件人或收件人可能订阅该服务。
The target of an offramp may be a "hunt group": a set of telephone numbers, each of which have a possibly different fax terminal attached.
出站的目标可能是一个“搜索组”：一组电话号码，每个号码都有一个可能不同的传真终端。
Manufacturers may offer new devices which support any combination of the roles defined in setion 2.3. In particular, a device resembling a traditional fax terminal, built out of similar components (scanner, processor, and printer), could offer a similar functionality to a traditional facsimile terminal, but be designed to connect to the Internet rather than, or in addition to, a telephone line connection.
制造商可提供支持第2.3条中定义的任何角色组合的新设备。特别是，由类似组件（扫描仪、处理器和打印机）构成的类似于传统传真终端的设备可以提供与传统传真终端类似的功能，但其设计为连接到互联网，而不是电话线连接，或附加于电话线连接。
Such devices might have a permanent Internet connection (through a LAN connection) or might have occasional connectivity through a (data) modem to an Internet Service Provider.
此类设备可能具有永久的Internet连接（通过LAN连接），或者可能偶尔通过（数据）调制解调器连接到Internet服务提供商。
Internet users using Internet hosts with standard application suites must {1} be able to exchange faxes with other participants in Internet Fax, with minimum required enhancements to their operating environment.
使用带有标准应用程序套件的Internet主机的Internet用户必须{1}能够与Internet传真的其他参与者交换传真，并对其操作环境进行最低限度的增强。
Interoperability with Internet mail users, either as Internet Fax senders or recipients, is highly desirable {2}.
作为因特网传真发送者或接收者，与因特网邮件用户的互操作性是非常理想的{2}。
Internet users might receive faxes over the Internet and display them on their screens, or have them automatically printed when received. Similarly, the Internet Fax messages originating from the user might be the output of a software application which would normally print, or specially constructed fax-sending software, or may be input directly from a scanner attached to the user's terminal.
互联网用户可以通过互联网接收传真并将其显示在屏幕上，或者在收到传真时自动打印。类似地，来自用户的因特网传真消息可以是通常打印的软件应用程序的输出，或者是专门构造的传真发送软件，或者可以直接从连接到用户终端的扫描仪输入。
The Internet Fax capability might be integrated into existing fax/network fax software or email software, e.g., by the addition of printer drivers that would render the document to the appropriate content-type and cause it to be delivered using an Internet Fax protocol.
Internet传真功能可以集成到现有的传真/网络传真软件或电子邮件软件中，例如，通过添加打印机驱动程序，将文档呈现为适当的内容类型，并使用Internet传真协议交付文档。
In some cases, the user might have a multi-function peripheral which integrated a scanner and printer and which gave operability similar to that of the stand-alone fax terminal.
在某些情况下，用户可能具有集成了扫描仪和打印机的多功能外围设备，其可操作性与独立传真终端类似。
In Internet mail, there are a number of components that operate in the infrastructure to perform additional functions beyond mail store-and-forward. Interoperability with these components is a consideration for the store and forward profile of Internet Fax. For example, mailing list software accepts mail to a single address and forwards it to a distribution list of many users. Mail archive software creates repositories of searchable messages. Mail firewalls operate at organizational boundaries and scan incoming messages for malicious or harmful mail attachments. Vacation programs send return messages to the senders of messages when the recipient is on vacation and not available to respond.
在Internet邮件中，有许多组件在基础结构中运行，以执行邮件存储和转发之外的其他功能。与这些组件的互操作性是Internet传真存储转发配置文件的一个考虑因素。例如，邮件列表软件接受发送到单个地址的邮件，并将其转发到多个用户的通讯组列表。邮件存档软件创建可搜索邮件的存储库。邮件防火墙在组织边界运行，并扫描传入邮件中的恶意或有害邮件附件。当收件人正在休假且无法回复时，假期计划会向发件人发送回信。
Many software vendors are now promoting software packages that support "universal messaging": a combined communication package that combines electronic mail, voice mail, and fax.
许多软件供应商现在正在推广支持“通用消息传递”的软件包：一种结合电子邮件、语音邮件和传真的组合通信包。
Facsimile over the Internet can occur in several modes.
因特网上的传真可以有几种方式。
"Store and forward" Internet Fax entails a process of storing the entire document at a staging point, prior to transmitting it to the next staging point. Store and forward can be directly between sender and recipient or can have a series of intermediary staging points. The intermediate storage may involve an intermediate agent or sequence of agents in the communication.
“存储并转发”互联网传真需要在将整个文档传输到下一个暂存点之前，在暂存点存储整个文档。存储和转发可以直接在发送方和接收方之间进行，也可以有一系列中间暂存点。中间存储器可涉及通信中的中间代理或代理序列。
"Session" Internet Fax is defined such that delivery notification is provided to the transmitting terminal prior to disconnection. Unlike "store and forward", there is an expection that direct communication, negotiation, and retransmission can take place between the two endpoints.
“会话”因特网传真的定义使得在断开连接之前向发送终端提供递送通知。与“存储转发”不同，人们期望在两个端点之间可以进行直接通信、协商和重传。
"Real-time" Internet Fax allows for two [T.30] standard facsimile terminals to engage in a document transmission in a way that all of the essential elements of the [T.30] communication protocol are preserved and there is minimal elongation of the session as compared to Group 3 fax over the GSTN.
“实时”互联网传真允许两个[T.30]标准传真终端以一种方式进行文件传输，[T.30]通信协议的所有基本要素都得到保留，与GSTN上的第3组传真相比，会话的延长时间最小。
These modes are different in the end-user expectation of immediacy, reliability, and in the ease of total compatibility with legacy or traditional facsimile terminals; the modes may have different requirements on operational infrastructure connecting sender and recipient.
这些模式在终端用户对即时性、可靠性的期望以及与传统或传统传真终端的完全兼容性方面是不同的；这些模式可能对连接发送方和接收方的操作基础设施有不同的要求。
Facsimile over the Internet must define the mechanisms by which a document is transmitted from a sender to a recipient, and must {1} specify the following elements:
互联网上的传真必须定义文件从发送者传送到接收者的机制，并且必须{1}指定以下要素：
- Transmission protocol: what Internet protocol(s) and extensions are used? What options are available in that transmission?
- 传输协议：使用什么互联网协议和扩展？该变速箱有哪些选装件？
- Data formats: what image data representation(s) are used, appropriate, required, within the transmission protocol? What other data representations are supported?
- 数据格式：在传输协议中使用了哪些图像数据表示（适当的、需要的）？支持哪些其他数据表示？
- Addressing: How are Internet Fax recipients identified? How may recipient identification be represented in user directories? How are traditional fax terminals addressed?
- 地址：如何识别Internet传真收件人？如何在用户目录中表示收件人标识？传统的传真终端是如何寻址的？
- Capabilities: The capabilities of the sender to generate different kinds of image data representations may be known to the recipient, and the capabilities, preferences, and characteristics of the recipient may be known to the sender. How are the capabilities, preferences, and characteristics of senders and recipients expressed, and communicated to each other?
- 能力：接收方可能知道发送方生成不同类型图像数据表示的能力，并且发送方可能知道接收方的能力、偏好和特征。发送者和接收者的能力、偏好和特征是如何表达的，以及如何相互沟通的？
- Security: Faxes may be authenticated as to their origin, or secured to protect the privacy of the message. How may the authenticity of a fax be determined by the recipient? How may the privacy of a message be guaranteed?
- 安全性：可以对传真的来源进行身份验证，或对其进行安全保护以保护消息的隐私。收件人如何确定传真的真实性？如何保证信息的隐私？
Specific goals for these elements are described in section 5.
第5节描述了这些要素的具体目标。
This section lists the necessary and desirable traits of an Internet Fax protocol.
本节列出了Internet传真协议的必要和可取特性。
Traditionally, images sent between fax machines are transmitted over the global switched telephone network. An Internet Fax protocol must {1} provide for a method to accomplish the most commonly used features of traditional fax using only Internet protocols. It is desirable {3} for Internet Fax to support all standard features and modes of standard facsimile.
传统上，传真机之间发送的图像通过全球交换电话网络传输。互联网传真协议必须{1}提供一种方法，仅使用互联网协议即可实现传统传真最常用的功能。希望{3}因特网传真支持标准传真的所有标准功能和模式。
It is essential {1} that Internet Fax support interoperability between most of the devices and applications listed in section 2, and desirable {3} to support all of them. To "support interoperability" means that a compliant sender attempting to send to a compliant recipient will not fail because of incompatibility.
至关重要的是{1}互联网传真支持第2节所列大多数设备和应用程序之间的互操作性，并且{3}支持所有设备和应用程序。“支持互操作性”意味着合规发送方尝试发送给合规接收方不会因为不兼容而失败。
Overall interoperability requires {1} interoperability for all of the protocol elements: the image data representations must be understood, the transport protocol must function, it must be possible to address all manner of terminals, the security mechanism must not require manual operations in devices that are intended for unattended operation, and so forth.
总体互操作性要求所有协议元素具有{1}互操作性：必须理解图像数据表示，传输协议必须正常工作，必须能够处理各种终端，安全机制不得要求在无人值守操作的设备中进行手动操作，等等
Interoperability with Internet mail user agents is a requirement {1} only for the "store-and-forward" facsimile, although it would be useful {3} for "session" and "real-time" modes of delivery of Internet Fax.
只有“存储和转发”传真才需要与因特网邮件用户代理的互操作性，尽管这对因特网传真的“会话”和“实时”传送模式很有用。
The requirement for interoperability has strong implications for the protocol design. Interoperability must not {1} depend on having the same kind of networking equipment at each end.
互操作性的要求对协议设计有很大的影响。互操作性不能{1}依赖于在每一端拥有相同类型的网络设备。
As with most Internet application protocols, interoperability must {1} be independent of the nature of the networking link, whether a simple IP-based LAN, an internal private IP networks, or the public Internet. The standard for Internet Fax must {1} be "global": that is, a single specification which does not have or require special features of the transport mechanism for local operations.
与大多数互联网应用协议一样，互操作性必须{1}独立于网络链路的性质，无论是简单的基于IP的LAN、内部专用IP网络还是公共互联网。因特网传真的标准必须{1}是“全球的”：也就是说，一个单一的规范没有或不需要本地业务传输机制的特殊功能。
If Internet Fax is to use the Internet mail transport mechanisms, it must {1} interoperate consistently with the current Internet mail environment, and, in particular, with the non-terminal devices listed in section 2.4.4. If Internet Fax messages might arrive in user's mailboxes, it is required {1} that the protocol interoperate successfully with common user practices for mail messages: storing them in databases, retransmission, forwarding, creation of mail digests, replay of old messages at times long after the original receipt, and replying to messages using non-fax equipment.
如果Internet传真要使用Internet邮件传输机制，它必须{1}与当前的Internet邮件环境，特别是与第2.4.4节中列出的非终端设备进行一致的互操作。如果Internet传真消息可能到达用户邮箱，则要求{1}协议与邮件消息的常见用户实践成功互操作：将它们存储在数据库中、重新传输、转发、创建邮件摘要、在原始接收后长时间重放旧邮件，以及使用非传真设备回复信息。
It is desirable {3} that the Internet Fax standard support and facilitate universal messaging systems described in section 2.4.5.
互联网传真标准支持并促进第2.4.5节所述的通用消息传递系统是可取的。
If Internet Fax requires additions to the operational environment (services, firewall support, gateways, quality of service, protocol extensions), then it is preferable {3} if those additions are useful for other applications than Fax. Features shared with other messaging applications (voice mail, short message service, paging, etc.) are desirable {3}, so as not to require different operational changes for other applications.
如果Internet传真需要添加到操作环境中（服务、防火墙支持、网关、服务质量、协议扩展），则最好{3}这些添加对传真以外的其他应用程序有用。与其他消息传递应用程序（语音邮件、短消息服务、寻呼等）共享的功能是可取的{3}，以便不需要对其他应用程序进行不同的操作更改。
In almost all applications of traditional fax, it is considered very important that the user can get an assurance that the transmitted data was received by a terminal at the address dialed by the user.
在传统传真的几乎所有应用中，用户能够得到终端在用户拨打的地址接收到传输数据的保证被认为是非常重要的。
This goal translates to the Internet environment. The 'Internet Fax' application must {1} define the mechanisms by which a sender may request notification of the completion of transmission of the message, and receive a determinate response as to whether the message was delivered, not delivered, or that no confirmation of delivery is possible.
这一目标转化为互联网环境。“互联网传真”应用程序必须{1}定义发送方可以请求发送消息完成通知的机制，并接收关于消息是否已发送、未发送或无法确认发送的确定响应。
Originally, fax "confirmation" implied that the message was received and processed, e.g., delivered to the output paper tray of the recipient fax device. In reality, this implication was relying upon
最初，传真“确认”意味着邮件已被接收和处理，例如发送到收件人传真设备的输出纸盘。事实上，这一暗示是基于
a signal produced by the receiving terminal that the incoming page had been inspected and was determined to be of reasonable (or unacceptable) quality, via an unspecified algorithm.
由接收终端产生的一种信号，通过一种未指定的算法，该信号表明传入页面已被检查，并被确定为具有合理（或不可接受）的质量。
In later devices which support error correction mode, the ECM method (per [T.30]) enabled error checking via a specific algorithm, providing a more exact indication that the bits within the compressed image were not corrupted during transmission. With the addition of memory buffering, PC-based fax modems and the more common use of error correction mode, traditional fax confirmation still implies some assurance of processability; (e.g., a fax modem would not be able to receive an incoming fax if it required compression mechanisms that were not supported) without reporting on whether the image has been printed or viewed.
在支持纠错模式的后续设备中，ECM方法（依据[T.30]）通过特定算法启用了错误检查，提供了更准确的指示，表明压缩图像中的位在传输过程中没有损坏。由于增加了内存缓冲、基于PC的传真调制解调器以及更常见的纠错模式，传统的传真确认仍然意味着对可处理性的一些保证；（例如，如果需要不受支持的压缩机制，传真调制解调器将无法接收传入传真），而不报告图像是否已打印或查看。
Consequently, the fax confirmation is not the same as a confirmation that the message was "read": that a human had confirmed that the message was received. It is desirable {3}, but not required, that Internet Fax support confirmation that a message has been read (above and beyond the confirmation that the message has been delivered).
因此，传真确认与确认信息已“读取”不同：确认有人已确认信息已收到。因特网传真支持确认信息已被阅读是可取的{3}，但不是必需的（在确认信息已被发送的基础之上）。
In many cases, fax transmission is used for delivery of documents where there is a strong user requirement for timeliness, with some guarantees that if transmission begins at all, it will complete quickly. For example, it is a common practice to fax documents for discussion to other participants in a telephone conference call prior to the call.
在许多情况下，传真传输用于交付用户对及时性有强烈要求的文件，并在一定程度上保证，如果传输开始，将很快完成。例如，通常的做法是在电话会议之前将讨论文件传真给其他与会者。
Internet Fax should {2} allow the sender of a document to request immediate delivery, if such delivery is possible. In such cases, it should {2} be possible for the sender of a message to avoid sending the message at all, if quick delivery is not available for a particular recipient.
因特网传真应{2}允许文件的发送者请求立即递送，如果这种递送是可能的。在这种情况下{2}如果某个特定的收件人无法快速传递信息，则信息的发送者完全可以避免发送该信息。
It is desirable {3} to have the protocol for requesting quick delivery be the same as, or similar to, the protocol for delayed delivery, so that two separate mechanisms are not required.
最好{3}要求快速交付的协议与延迟交付的协议相同或类似，这样就不需要两个单独的机制。
For real-time fax delivery, immediate delivery is the norm, since the protocol must guarantee that when the session connecting sender to recipient has terminated, the message has been delivered to the ultimate recipient.
对于实时传真传递，即时传递是标准，因为协议必须保证当连接发送者和接收者的会话终止时，消息已传递给最终接收者。
Traditionally, facsimile has guaranteed interworking between senders and recipients by having a strict method of negotiation of the capabilities between the two devices. The image representation of facsimile originally was a relatively low resolution, but has increasingly offered additional capabilities (higher resolution, color) as options.
传统上，传真通过对两台设备之间的能力进行严格的协商来保证发送方和接收方之间的互通。传真的图像表示最初是相对较低的分辨率，但越来越多地提供了附加功能（更高的分辨率、颜色）作为选项。
The use of fax has grown in an evolving world (from 'Group 1' and 'Group 2', to 'Group 3' facsimile) because of two elements: (a) a useful baseline of capabilities that all terminals implemented, and (b) the use of capabilities exchange to go beyond that.
传真的使用在一个不断发展的世界中有所增长（从“第1组”和“第2组”到“第3组”传真），这是因为两个因素：（a）所有终端实现的有用的能力基线，以及（b）使用能力交换来超越这一点。
To accommodate current use as well as future growth, Internet Fax should {2} have a simple minimum set of required features that will guarantee interoperability, as well as a mechanism by which higher capability devices can be deployed into a network of lower capability devices while ensuring interoperability. If recipients with minimum capabilities were, for example, to merely drop non-minimum messages without warning, the result would be that no non-minimum message could be sent reliably. This situation can be avoided in a variety of ways, e.g., through communication of recipient capabilities or by sending multiple renditions.
为了适应当前的使用和未来的增长，Internet传真应{2}具有一组简单的最低要求的功能，以保证互操作性，以及一种机制，通过该机制，在确保互操作性的同时，可以将高性能设备部署到由低性能设备组成的网络中。例如，如果具有最低能力的收件人仅在没有警告的情况下删除非最低邮件，则结果将是无法可靠地发送任何非最低邮件。可以通过多种方式避免这种情况，例如，通过通信收件人功能或发送多个格式副本。
The exchange of capabilities in Internet Fax should {2} be robust. To accomplish this, recipients should {2} be encouraged to provide capabilities, even while senders must {1} have a way to send messages to recipients whose capabilities are unknown.
因特网传真能力的交换应{2}有力。要做到这一点，应鼓励收件人{2}提供功能，即使发件人必须{1}有办法向功能未知的收件人发送邮件。
Even minimum-capability recipients of messages should {2} be required to provide a capability indication in some reliable way. This might be accomplished by providing an entry in a directory service, by offering automatic or semi-automatic replies, or by sending some indication of in a reply to a message with multiple renditions, or as an addition to a negative acknowledgement requiring retransmission.
即使是最小容量的消息接收者{2}也应该被要求以某种可靠的方式提供容量指示。这可以通过在目录服务中提供一个条目、提供自动或半自动回复、或通过在对具有多个格式副本的邮件的回复中发送某些指示或作为需要重新传输的否定确认的补充来实现。
On the other hand, for reliability, senders cannot rely on capability information of recipients before transmission. That is, for reliability, senders should {2} have an operational mode which can function when capabilities are not present, even when recipients must always provide capabilities.
另一方面，为了可靠性，发送方在传输之前不能依赖接收方的能力信息。也就是说，为了可靠性，发送方应{2}具有一种操作模式，该模式可以在不存在能力的情况下运行，即使接收方必须始终提供能力。
Internet Fax should not {2} require terminals to possess a large amount of processing power, and a base level implementation must {1} interoperate, even if it does not offer complex processing.
因特网传真不应{2}要求终端拥有大量的处理能力，并且一个基本级别的实现必须{1}互操作，即使它不提供复杂的处理。
Internet Fax should {2} allow interoperability with recipient devices which have limited buffering capabilities and cannot buffer an entire fax message prior to printing, or cannot buffer an entire set of fax pages before beginning transmission of scanned pages.
Internet传真应{2}允许与缓冲能力有限且无法在打印之前缓冲整个传真消息或无法在开始传输扫描页面之前缓冲整个传真页面集的收件人设备进行互操作。
Different operational modes (real-time, session, store and forward) might use different protocols, in order to preserve the simplicity of each.
不同的操作模式（实时、会话、存储和转发）可能使用不同的协议，以保持每个模式的简单性。
It is preferable {3} to make as few restrictions and additions to existing protocols as possible while satisfying the other requirements. It is important {2} that it be possible to use Internet Fax end-to-end in the current Internet environment without any changes to the existing infrastucture, although some features may require adoption of existing standards.
最好{3}在满足其他要求的同时，对现有协议进行尽可能少的限制和添加。重要的是{2}在当前的互联网环境中，可以在不改变现有基础设施的情况下使用互联网端到端传真，尽管有些功能可能需要采用现有标准。
The widespread introduction of Internet Fax must {1} not cause harm, either to its users or to others. For example, an automatic mechanism for returning notification of delivery or capabilities of fax recipients by email must {1} not expose the users or others to mail loops, bombs, or replicated delivery. Automatic capability exchange based on email might not be sufficiently robust and, without sufficient precautions, might expose users to denial of service attacks, or merely the bad effects of errors on the part of system administrators. Similar considerations apply in these areas to those that have been addressed by work on electronic mail receipt acknowledgements [RFC 2298].
互联网传真的广泛使用必须{1}不会对其用户或他人造成伤害。例如，通过电子邮件返回发送通知或传真收件人功能的自动机制必须{1}不让用户或其他人暴露于邮件循环、炸弹或重复发送。基于电子邮件的自动功能交换可能不够健壮，如果没有足够的预防措施，可能会让用户遭受拒绝服务攻击，或者仅仅是系统管理员错误的不良影响。在这些领域，类似的考虑也适用于通过电子邮件接收确认工作[RFC 2298]解决的问题。
Internet Fax should {2} not, by default, release information that the users consider private, e.g., as might be forthcoming in response to a broadcast requests for capabilities to a company's Internet fax devices. Public recipients of Internet Fax (e.g., public agencies which accept facsimile messages) should {2} not be required to broadcast messages with capability statements to all potential senders in order to receive facsimile messages appropriate for the capabilities of their device.
默认情况下，Internet传真应该{ 2 }不是用户认为私有的发布信息，例如，可能响应于对公司的互联网传真设备的广播请求的响应。互联网传真的公共接收者（例如，接受传真消息的公共机构）不应{2}被要求向所有潜在发送者广播带有能力声明的消息，以便接收与其设备能力相适应的传真消息。
The possibility for "causing harm" might be created by a combination of facilities and other features which individually may be viewed as harmless. Thus, the overall operation of a network full of Internet Fax devices must {1} be considered.
“造成伤害”的可能性可能是由设施和其他单独被视为无害的特征的组合造成的。因此，必须考虑全是因特网传真设备的网络的整体运作。
Interoperation with ITU defined T.30 fax security methods, as well as standard Internet e-mail security methods is desirable {3}.
需要与国际电联定义的T.30传真安全方法以及标准的因特网电子邮件安全方法进行互操作{3}。
The Internet Fax protocol should {2} operate reliably over a variety of configurations and situations.
因特网传真协议应{2}在各种配置和情况下可靠运行。
In particular, operations which rely on time-delayed information might result in inconsistent information, and the protocol should be robust even in such situations.
特别是，依赖延时信息的操作可能会导致信息不一致，即使在这种情况下，协议也应该是健壮的。
For example, in a store-and-forward message environment, the capabilities and preferences of a fax recipient might be used by the sender to construct an appropriate message, e.g., sending a color fax to a color device but a black and white fax to a device that does not have color capability. However, the information about recipient capabilities must be accessible to the sender even when the recipient cannot be contacted directly. Thus, the sender must access recipient capabilities in some kind of storage mechanism, e.g., a directory. A directory of recipient capabilities is a kind of distributed database, and would be subject to all of the well-known failure modes of distributed databases. For example, update messages with capability descriptions might be delivered out of order, from old archives, might be lost, non-authenticated capability statements might be spoofed or widely distributed by malicious senders. The Internet Fax protocol should {2} be robust in these situations; messages should {2} not be lost or misprocessed even when the sender's knowledge of recipient capabilities are wrong, and robust mechanisms for delivery of recipient capabilities should {2} be used.
例如，在存储转发消息环境中，发送方可以使用传真接收者的能力和偏好来构造适当的消息，例如，向彩色设备发送彩色传真，但向不具有彩色能力的设备发送黑白传真。但是，即使无法直接联系收件人，发件人也必须能够访问有关收件人功能的信息。因此，发送方必须以某种存储机制（例如目录）访问接收方功能。接收方功能目录是一种分布式数据库，它会受到分布式数据库所有已知故障模式的影响。例如，具有功能描述的更新消息可能会无序传递、来自旧存档、可能会丢失、未经身份验证的功能语句可能会被恶意发件人伪造或广泛分发。在这些情况下，因特网传真协议应{2}健全；即使发件人对收件人能力的了解有误，也不应{2}丢失或错误处理邮件，并且应使用{2}传递收件人能力的可靠机制。
The primary user experience with fax is:
传真的主要用户体验是：
immediate delivery delivery confirmation ease of use
即时交付确认易于使用
The primary user experience with email is:
电子邮件的主要用户体验是：
delayed delivery no delivery confirmation ability to reply to sender easy to send to multiple recipients
延迟投递无投递确认功能回复发件人易于发送给多个收件人
An Internet Fax standard should {2} attempt to reconcile the differences between the two environments.
互联网传真标准应{2}尝试协调两种环境之间的差异。
An Internet Fax standard should {2} accomodate the legal requirements for facsimile, and attempt to support functionality similar to that legally required even for devices that do not operate over the public switched telephone network.
互联网传真标准应{2}适应传真的法律要求，并尝试支持与法律要求的功能类似的功能，即使是不在公共交换电话网络上运行的设备。
The United States Federal Communication Commission regulations (applicable only within the USA) state:
美国联邦通信委员会条例（仅适用于美国境内）规定：
Identification Required on Fax Messages
传真信息上需要标识
The FCC's rules require that any message sent to a fax machine must clearly mark on the first page or on each page of the message:
FCC的规定要求发送到传真机的任何消息必须在消息的第一页或每一页上清楚标记：
* the date and time the transmission is sent; * the identity of the sender; and * the telephone number of the sender or of the sending fax machine.
* 发送传输的日期和时间；*发送者的身份；和*发送方或发送传真机的电话号码。
All fax machines manufactured on or after December 20, 1992 and all facsimile modem boards manufactured on or after December 13, 1995 must have the capability to clearly mark such identifying information on the first page or on each page of the transmission."
1992年12月20日当天或之后制造的所有传真机和1995年12月13日当天或之后制造的所有传真调制解调器板必须能够在传输的第一页或每一页上清楚地标记此类识别信息。”
These goals for specific elements of Internet Fax follow from the operational goals described in section 4.
互联网传真的具体要素的这些目标遵循第4节中描述的运营目标。
Interoperability with Internet Mail or other transmission mechanisms that cause data files to appear in Internet terminal environments requires {1} that Internet Fax use a format for images that is in wide use.
与Internet邮件或其他传输机制的互操作性会导致数据文件出现在Internet终端环境中，这要求{1}Internet传真使用广泛使用的图像格式。
Interoperability with Internet Mail requires {2} that Internet Fax recipients handle those message types that are common in the email environment, including a minimum set of MIME mail formats.
与Internet邮件的互操作性要求{2}Internet传真收件人处理电子邮件环境中常见的邮件类型，包括一组最小的MIME邮件格式。
Interoperability with traditional fax terminals requires {1} that the data format be capable of representing the commonly used compression mechanisms defined for traditional facsimile; support for _all_ standard formats defined for traditional facsimile is highly desirable {2}. In addition, interoperability with 'private use'
与传统传真终端的互操作性要求{1}数据格式能够表示为传统传真定义的常用压缩机制；非常需要支持为传统传真定义的{2}标准格式。此外，与“私人使用”的互操作性
facsimile messages suggests {3} that the standard accommodate arbitrary bit sequences.
传真消息表明{3}标准可容纳任意位序列。
It is necessary {1} that Internet Fax to work in the context of the current Internet, Intranet, and the combination across firewalls.
有必要{1}让Internet传真在当前Internet、Intranet和跨防火墙的组合环境下工作。
A single protocol with various extensions is preferable {3} to multiple separate protocols, if there are devices that might require, at different times and for different recipients, different protocols.
如果有设备在不同的时间和针对不同的接收者可能需要不同的协议，则具有不同扩展的单个协议比多个单独的协议更可取{3}。
Interoperability with the terminal types in section 2 requires {1} the ability to address each of the kinds of recipient devices. The address of a recipient must give sufficient information to allow the sender to initiate communication.
与第2节中的终端类型的互操作性要求{1}能够处理每种类型的接收设备。收件人的地址必须提供足够的信息，以允许发件人启动通信。
Interoperability with offramps to legacy fax terminals requires {1} that the message contain some way of addressing the final destination of facsimile messages, including telephone numbers, various ISDN addressing modes, and facsimile sub-addresses.
与传统传真终端出口的互操作性要求{1}消息包含某种方式的传真消息最终目的地寻址，包括电话号码、各种ISDN寻址模式和传真子地址。
Interoperability with Internet Mail requires {1} that it be possible to address Internet Fax to any email address. Interworking with Internet mail also requires {1} that the addressing is in the email addressing headers, including mail transport envelope [RFC1123] and RFC822 headers, as appropriate. The information must {1} appear nowhere else.
与Internet邮件的互操作性要求{1}能够将Internet传真地址发送到任何电子邮件地址。与Internet邮件交互还要求{1}地址位于电子邮件地址头中，包括邮件传输信封[RFC1123]和RFC822头（视情况而定）。信息必须{1}出现在其他地方。
Sending devices might not have local storage for directories of addresses, and addresses might be cumbersome for users to type in. For these reasons, Internet Fax devices may require configuration to locate directories of recipients and their capabilities.
发送设备可能没有地址目录的本地存储，并且用户键入地址可能会很麻烦。由于这些原因，Internet传真设备可能需要配置以定位收件人目录及其功能。
The source of a fax message must {1} be clearly identified. The address of the appropriate return message (whether via fax or via email) should {2} be clearly identified in a way that is visible to all manner of recipients. In the case of Internet Fax delivered by email, it should {2} be possible to use the normal 'reply' functions for email to return a message to the sender.
传真消息的来源必须{1}明确标识。适当的回信地址（无论是通过传真还是通过电子邮件）应{2}以所有收件人都能看到的方式明确标识。对于通过电子邮件发送的互联网传真，应{2}可以使用电子邮件的正常“回复”功能将消息返回给发件人。
Traditionally, it is common for the first page of a fax message sent to a facsimile terminal to contain an (image) representation of the name, address, return number, etc. of the sender of the document. Some legal jurisdictions for facsimile require an identification of the sender on every page. The standard for Internet Fax should {2}
传统上，发送到传真终端的传真消息的第一页通常包含文档发送者的姓名、地址、返回号码等的（图像）表示。有些法律管辖区要求传真的每一页上都有发件人的身份证明。因特网传真的标准应为{2}
cover the issues of sender and recipient identification in the cases where fax messages are re-routed, forwarded, sent through gateways.
涵盖传真消息重新路由、转发和通过网关发送时的发件人和收件人身份问题。
Users typically use GSTN-based fax for confidential document transmission, assuming a similar or higher level of confidentiality and protection from both deliberate and inadvertent eavesdropping as holds for telephone conversations; the higher level of confidentiality arising from the requirement for non-standard equipment to intercept and interpret an overheard fax transmission.
用户通常使用基于GSTN的传真进行机密文件传输，并假定与电话对话具有类似或更高级别的保密性和防止蓄意和无意窃听的保护；由于要求非标准设备截获和解释无意中听到的传真传输，因此需要更高的保密级别。
Similarly, in traditional fax there is an expectation (and, in some contexts, a legally recognized assurance) that the received fax is unaltered from the document originally transmitted.
同样，在传统传真中，人们期望（在某些情况下，法律承认的保证）收到的传真与最初发送的文件保持不变。
It is important {2} that Internet Fax give users a level of assurance for privacy and integrity that is as good or better than that available for telephone-based fax. The Internet Fax standard should {2} specify how secure messages can be sent, in an interoperable fashion. The Internet Fax protocol should {2} encourage the introduction of security features, e.g., by requiring that minimum capability devices still accept signed messages (even if ignoring the signature.)
重要的是{2}互联网传真为用户提供的隐私和完整性保证水平与电话传真相同或更好。因特网传真标准应{2}规定如何以可互操作的方式发送安全消息。因特网传真协议应{2}鼓励引入安全功能，例如要求最低能力的设备仍然接受签名的消息（即使忽略签名）
In the case where the sender is responsible for payment for offramp services in a remote location, it is desirable {3} to provide for authentication and authorization of the sender, as well as enable billing related information from the offramp to be transferred securely.
如果发送方负责支付远程位置的出站服务，则最好{3}提供发送方的身份验证和授权，并使来自出站的计费相关信息能够安全传输。
Traditional fax supports a wide range of devices, including high resolution ("Superfine"); recent enhancements include methods for color and a variety of compression mechanisms. Fax messaging includes the capability for "non-standard frames", which allow vendors to introduce proprietary data formats. In addition, facsimile supports "binary file transfer": a method of sending arbitrary binary data in a fax message.
传统传真支持多种设备，包括高分辨率（“超细”）；最近的增强包括颜色方法和各种压缩机制。传真消息包括“非标准帧”功能，这允许供应商引入专有数据格式。此外，传真支持“二进制文件传输”：在传真消息中发送任意二进制数据的方法。
To support interoperability with these mechanisms, it should {2} be possible to express a wide variety of fax capabilities.
为了支持与这些机制的互操作性，应该{2}能够表示各种传真功能。
Capability support has three elements: expression of the capabilities of the sender (as far as a particular message is concerned), expressing the capabilities of a recipient (in advance of the transmission of the message), and then the protocol by which
能力支持有三个要素：表达发送方的能力（就特定消息而言），表达接收方的能力（在消息传输之前），然后是协议
capabilities are exchanged.
交换能力。
The Internet Fax standard should {2} specify a uniform mechanism for capabilities expression. If capabilities are being sent at times other than the time of message transmission, then capabilities should {2} include sufficient information to allow it to be validated, authenticated, etc.
Internet传真标准应{2}指定统一的功能表达机制。如果在消息传输时间以外的时间发送功能，则功能应{2}包括足够的信息，以便对其进行验证、身份验证等。
The Internet Fax standard may {3} include one or several methods for transmission, storage, or distribution of capabilities.
因特网传真标准可以{3}包括一种或几种传输、存储或分发能力的方法。
A request for capability information, if sent to a recipient at any time other than the immediate time of delivery of the message, should {2} clearly identify the sender, the recipient whose capabilities are being requested, and the time of the request. Som kind of signature would be useful, too.
对能力信息的请求，如果在信息交付的即时时间以外的任何时间发送给收件人，则应{2}清楚地标识发件人、被请求能力的收件人以及请求的时间。Som类型的签名也很有用。
A capability assertion (sent from recipient to sender) should {2} clearly identify the recipient and some indication of the date/time or range of validity of the information inside. To be secure, capability assertions should {2} be protected against interception and the substitution of valid data by invalid data.
能力断言（从接收者发送到发送者）应该{2}清楚地标识接收者，并指明其中信息的有效日期/时间或范围。为了安全起见，应该保护功能断言{2}不被拦截和用无效数据替换有效数据。
This document describes the goals for the Internet Fax protocol, including the security goals. An Internet Fax protocol must {1} address the security goals and provide adequate measures to provide users with expected security features.
本文档描述了Internet传真协议的目标，包括安全目标。互联网传真协议必须{1}满足安全目标，并提供足够的措施，为用户提供预期的安全功能。
The author gratefully acknowledges the contributions of Graham Klyne, Vivian Cancio, Dan Wing, Jim Dahmen, Neil Joffe, Mike Lake, Lloyd McIntyre, Richard Shockey, Herman Silbiger, Nadesan Narenthiran, George Pajari and Dave Crocker for their valuable comments on this document.
作者感谢格雷厄姆·克莱恩、维维安·坎西奥、丹·温、吉姆·达曼、尼尔·乔菲、迈克·莱克、劳埃德·麦金太尔、理查德·肖基、赫尔曼·西尔比格尔、纳德桑·纳伦提兰、乔治·帕贾里和戴夫·克罗克对本文件的宝贵评论。
Larry Masinter Xerox Corporation 3333 Coyote Hill Road Palo Alto, CA 94304
美国加利福尼亚州帕洛阿尔托郊狼山路3333号拉里·马斯特施乐公司，邮编94304
http://www.parc.xerox.com/masinter
Fax: (650) 812-4333
EMail: masinter@parc.xerox.com
http://www.parc.xerox.com/masinter
Fax: (650) 812-4333
EMail: masinter@parc.xerox.com
[T.30] "Procedures for Document Facsimile Transmission in the General Switched Telephone Network", ITU-T (CCITT), Recommendation T.30, July, 1996.
[T.30]“通用交换电话网中文件传真传输的程序”，ITU-T（CCITT），建议T.30，1996年7月。
[F.185] "Internet facsimile: Guidelines for the support of the communication of facsimile documents", ITU-T (CCITT), Recommendation F.185, 1998.
[F.185]“因特网传真：支持传真文件通信的准则”，国际电联电信技术委员会（CCITT），建议F.185，1998年。
[T.37] "Procedures for the transfer of facsimile data via store-and-forward on the Internet", ITU-T (CCITT), Recommendation T.37, 1998.
[T.37]“通过互联网存储转发传真数据的程序”，ITU-T（CCITT），建议T.37，1998年。
[T.38] "Procedures for real time Group 3 facsimile communication between terminals using IP Networks", ITU-T (CCITT), Recommendation T.38, 1998.
[T.38]“使用IP网络的终端之间的实时第3组传真通信程序”，ITU-T（CCITT），建议T.38，1998年。
[RFC2305] Toyoda, K., Ohno, H., Murai, J. and D. Wing, "A Simple Mode of Facsimile Using Internet Mail", RFC 2305, March 1998.
[RFC2305]丰田章男，K.，大野，H.，Murai，J.和D.Wing，“使用互联网邮件的简单传真模式”，RFC 2305，1998年3月。
[RFC2298] Fajman, R., "An Extensible Message Format for Message Disposition Notifications", RFC 2298, March 1998.
[RFC2298]Fajman，R.，“用于消息处置通知的可扩展消息格式”，RFC2298，1998年3月。
[RFC1123] Braden, R., "Requirements for Internet hosts - Application and Support", STD 3, RFC 1123, October 1989.
[RFC1123]Braden，R.，“互联网主机的要求-应用和支持”，STD 3，RFC 1123，1989年10月。
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