Network Working Group K. Dubray
Request for Comments: 2432 IronBridge Networks
Category: Informational October 1998
Network Working Group K. Dubray
Request for Comments: 2432 IronBridge Networks
Category: Informational October 1998
Terminology for IP Multicast Benchmarking
IP多播基准测试术语
Status of this Memo
本备忘录的状况
This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
本备忘录为互联网社区提供信息。它没有规定任何类型的互联网标准。本备忘录的分发不受限制。
Copyright Notice
版权公告
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1998). All Rights Reserved.
版权所有（C）互联网协会（1998年）。版权所有。
Abstract
摘要
The purpose of this document is to define terminology specific to the benchmarking of multicast IP forwarding devices. It builds upon the tenets set forth in RFC 1242, RFC 2285, and other IETF Benchmarking Methodology Working Group (BMWG) efforts. This document seeks to extend these efforts to the multicast paradigm.
本文档旨在定义多播IP转发设备基准测试专用术语。它建立在RFC 1242、RFC 2285和其他IETF基准方法工作组（BMWG）工作中规定的原则基础上。本文档旨在将这些工作扩展到多播范例。
The BMWG produces two major classes of documents: Benchmarking Terminology documents and Benchmarking Methodology documents. The Terminology documents present the benchmarks and other related terms. The Methodology documents define the procedures required to collect the benchmarks cited in the corresponding Terminology documents.
BMWG产生两大类文件：基准术语文件和基准方法文件。术语文件介绍了基准和其他相关术语。方法文件规定了收集相应术语文件中引用的基准所需的程序。
Network forwarding devices are being required to take a single frame and support delivery to a number of destinations having membership to a particular group. As such, multicast support may place a different burden on the resources of these network forwarding devices than with unicast or broadcast traffic types.
网络转发设备需要获取单个帧并支持向具有特定组成员资格的多个目的地的传送。因此，与单播或广播业务类型相比，多播支持可能对这些网络转发设备的资源施加不同的负担。
Such burdens may not be readily apparent at first glance - the IP multicast packet's Class D address may be the only noticeable difference from an IP unicast packet. However, there are many factors that may impact the treatment of IP multicast packets.
乍一看，这种负担可能并不明显——IP多播数据包的D类地址可能是与IP单播数据包唯一明显的区别。然而，有许多因素可能会影响IP多播数据包的处理。
Consider how a device's architecture may impact the handling of a multicast frame. For example, is the multicast packet subject to the same processing as its unicast analog? Or is the multicast packet treated as an exeception and processed on a different data path?
考虑设备的架构如何影响多播帧的处理。例如，多播数据包是否受到与其单播模拟数据包相同的处理？或者，多播数据包是否被视为一个异常并在不同的数据路径上处理？
Consider, too, how a shared memory architecture may demonstrate a different performance profile than an architecture which explicitly passes each individual packet between the processing entities.
同样，考虑共享内存体系结构如何表现出不同于在处理实体之间显式传递每个单独分组的体系结构的性能特征。
In addition to forwarding device architecture, there are other factors that may impact a device's or system's multicast related performance. Protocol requirements may demand that routers and switches consider destination and source addressing in its multicast forwarding decisions. Capturing multicast source/destination addressing information may impact forwarding table size and lengthen lookups. Topological factors such as the degree of packet replication, the number of multicast groups being supported by the system, or the placement of multicast packets in unicast wrappers to span non-multicast network paths may all potentially affect a system's multicast related performance. For an overall understanding of IP multicasting, the reader is directed to [Se98], [Hu95], and [Mt98].
除了转发设备架构外，还有其他因素可能会影响设备或系统的多播相关性能。协议要求可能要求路由器和交换机考虑其组播转发决策中的目的地和源地址。捕获多播源/目标寻址信息可能会影响转发表的大小并延长查找时间。拓扑因素，例如数据包复制的程度、系统支持的多播组的数量，或者将多播数据包放置在单播包装器中以跨越非多播网络路径，都可能影响系统的多播相关性能。为了全面了解IP多播，读者请参阅[Se98]、[Hu95]和[Mt98]。
By clearly identifying IP multicast benchmarks and related terminology in this document, it is hoped that detailed methodologies can be generated in subsequent documents. Taken in tandem, these two efforts endeavor to assist the clinical, empirical, and consistent characterization of certain aspects of multicast technologies and their individual implementations. Understanding the operational profile of multicast forwarding devices may assist the network designer to better deploy multicast in his or her networking environment.
通过在本文档中明确识别IP多播基准和相关术语，希望可以在后续文档中生成详细的方法。同时，这两项工作致力于帮助临床、实证和一致地描述多播技术及其各自实现的某些方面。了解多播转发设备的操作概要可以帮助网络设计者在其网络环境中更好地部署多播。
Moreover, this document focuses on one source to many destinations profiling. Elements of this document may require extension when considering multiple source to multiple destination IP multicast communication.
此外，本文档重点介绍一个源到多个目标的评测。当考虑多源到多目标IP多播通信时，本文档的元素可能需要扩展。
This section cites the template suggested by RFC 1242 in the specification of a term to be defined.
本节引用了RFC 1242在待定义术语规范中建议的模板。
Term to be defined.
待定义的术语。
Definition: The specific definition for the term.
定义：该术语的具体定义。
Discussion: A brief discussion of the term, its application, or other information that would build understanding.
讨论：对术语、应用或其他有助于理解的信息进行简短讨论。
Measurement units: Units used to record measurements of this term, if applicable.
测量单位：用于记录本术语测量值的单位（如适用）。
[Issues:] List of issues or conditions that affect this term. This field can present items the may impact the term's related methodology or otherwise restrict its measurement procedures. This field is optional in this document.
[问题：]影响本术语的问题或条件列表。该字段可显示可能影响术语相关方法或限制其测量程序的项目。此字段在此文档中是可选的。
[See Also:] List of other terms that are relevant to the discussion of this term. This field is optional in this document.
[另见：]与本术语讨论相关的其他术语列表。此字段在此文档中是可选的。
This document draws on existing terminology defined in other BMWG work. Examples include, but are not limited to:
本文件借鉴了BMWG其他工作中定义的现有术语。示例包括但不限于：
Throughput [RFC 1242, section 3.17]
Latency [RFC 1242, section 3.8]
Constant Load [RFC 1242, section 3.4]
Frame Loss Rate [RFC 1242, section 3.6]
Overhead behavior [RFC 1242, section 3.11]
Forwarding Rates [RFC 2285, section 3.6]
Loads [RFC 2285, section 3.5]
Device Under Test (DUT) [RFC 2285, section 3.1.1]
System Under Test (SUT) [RFC 2285, section 3.1.2]
Throughput [RFC 1242, section 3.17]
Latency [RFC 1242, section 3.8]
Constant Load [RFC 1242, section 3.4]
Frame Loss Rate [RFC 1242, section 3.6]
Overhead behavior [RFC 1242, section 3.11]
Forwarding Rates [RFC 2285, section 3.6]
Loads [RFC 2285, section 3.5]
Device Under Test (DUT) [RFC 2285, section 3.1.1]
System Under Test (SUT) [RFC 2285, section 3.1.2]
Note: "DUT/SUT" refers to a metric that may be applicable to a DUT or SUT.
注：“DUT/SUT”指可能适用于DUT或SUT的度量。
3.1 General Nomenclature
3.1 一般命名法
3.1.1 Traffic Class. (TC) 3.1.2 Group Class. (GC) 3.1.3 Service Class. (SC)
3.1.1 交通等级。（TC）3.1.2团体级别。（GC）3.1.3服务等级。（资深大律师）
3.2 Forwarding and Throughput 3.2.1 Mixed Class Throughput (MCT). 3.2.2 Scaled Group Forwarding Matrix (SGFM). 3.2.3 Aggregated Multicast Throughput (AMT) 3.2.4 Encapsulation Throughput (ET) 3.2.5 Decapsulation Throughput (DT) 3.2.6 Re-encapsulation Throughput (RET)
3.2 转发和吞吐量3.2.1混合类吞吐量（MCT）。3.2.2按比例分组转发矩阵（SGFM）。3.2.3聚合多播吞吐量（AMT）3.2.4封装吞吐量（ET）3.2.5去封装吞吐量（DT）3.2.6重新封装吞吐量（RET）
3.3 Forwarding Latency 3.3.1 Multicast Latency (ML) 3.3.2 Min/Max Multicast Latency (Min/Max ML)
3.3 转发延迟3.3.1多播延迟（ML）3.3.2最小/最大多播延迟（最小/最大ML）
3.4 Overhead 3.4.1 Group Join Delay. (GJD) 3.4.2 Group Leave Delay. (GLD)
3.4 开销3.4.1组加入延迟。（GJD）3.4.2集体休假延迟。（GLD）
3.5 Capacity 3.5.1 Multicast Group Capacity. (MGC)
3.5 容量3.5.1多播组容量。（MGC）
3.6 Interaction 3.6.1 Burdened Response 3.6.2 Forwarding Burdened Multicast Latency (FBML) 3.6.3 Forwarding Burdened Join Delay (FBJD)
3.6 交互3.6.1负载响应3.6.2转发负载多播延迟（FBML）3.6.3转发负载加入延迟（FBJD）
This section will present general terminology to be used in this and other documents.
本节将介绍本文件和其他文件中使用的通用术语。
Definition: An equivalence class of packets comprising one or more data streams.
定义：包含一个或多个数据流的数据包的等价类。
Discussion: In the scope of this document, Traffic Class will be considered a logical identifier used to discriminate between a set or sets of packets offered the DUT.
讨论：在本文件范围内，流量类别将被视为用于区分DUT提供的一组或多组数据包的逻辑标识符。
For example, one Traffic Class may identify a set of unicast packets offered to the DUT. Another Traffic Class may differentiate the multicast packets destined to multicast group X. Yet another Class may distinguish the set of multicast packets destined to multicast group Y.
例如，一个业务类别可以识别提供给DUT的一组单播分组。另一个业务类别可以区分目的地为多播组X的多播分组。还有一个类别可以区分目的地为多播组Y的多播分组集。
Unless otherwise qualified, the usage of the word "Class" in this document will refer simply to a Traffic Class.
除非另有限定，否则本文件中“类”一词的用法仅指流量类。
Measurement units: Not applicable.
计量单位：不适用。
Definition: A specific type of Traffic Class where the packets comprising the Class are destined to a particular multicast group.
定义：一种特定类型的流量类别，其中包含该类别的数据包被发送到特定的多播组。
Discussion:
讨论：
Measurement units: Not applicable.
计量单位：不适用。
Definition: A specific type of Traffic Class where the packets comprising the Class require particular treatment or treatments by the network forwarding devices along the path to the packets' destination(s).
定义：一种特定类型的通信量类别，其中组成该类别的数据包需要网络转发设备沿数据包目的地的路径进行特定处理。
Discussion:
讨论：
Measurement units: Not applicable.
计量单位：不适用。
3.2 Forwarding and Throughput.
3.2 转发和吞吐量。
This section presents terminology related to the characterization of the packet forwarding ability of a DUT/SUT in a multicast environment. Some metrics extend the concept of throughput presented in RFC 1242. The notion of Forwarding Rate is cited in RFC 2285.
本节介绍与多播环境中DUT/SUT的数据包转发能力特征相关的术语。一些指标扩展了RFC 1242中提出的吞吐量概念。RFC 2285中引用了转发速率的概念。
3.2.1 Mixed Class Throughput (MCT).
3.2.1 混合类吞吐量（MCT）。
Definition: The maximum rate at which none of the offered frames, comprised from a unicast Class and a multicast Class, to be forwarded are dropped by the device across a fixed number of ports.
定义：设备在固定数量的端口上丢弃由单播类和多播类组成的所有要转发的帧的最大速率。
Discussion: Often times, throughput is collected on a homogenous traffic class - the offered load to the DUT is either singularly unicast or singularly multicast. In most networking environments, the traffic mix is seldom so uniformly distributed.
讨论：通常情况下，吞吐量收集在一个同质的流量类别上-提供给DUT的负载要么是单播，要么是单播。在大多数网络环境中，流量组合很少如此均匀分布。
Based on the RFC 1242 definition for throughput, the Mixed Class Throughput benchmark attempts to characterize the DUT's ability to process both unicast and multicast frames in the same aggregated traffic stream.
基于RFC 1242吞吐量定义，混合类吞吐量基准试图描述DUT在相同聚合业务流中处理单播和多播帧的能力。
Measurement units: Frames per second
测量单位：每秒帧数
Issues: Related methodology may have to address the ratio of unicast packets to multicast packets.
问题：相关方法可能必须解决单播数据包与多播数据包的比率问题。
Since frame size can sometimes be a factor in frame forwarding benchmarks, the corresponding methodology for this metric will need to consider frame size distribution(s).
由于帧大小有时可能是帧转发基准中的一个因素，因此该度量的相应方法需要考虑帧大小分布（S）。
3.2.2 Scaled Group Forwarding Matrix (SGFM).
3.2.2 按比例分组转发矩阵（SGFM）。
Definition: A table that demonstrates Forwarding Rate as a function of tested multicast groups for a fixed number of tested DUT/SUT ports.
定义：一个表，显示固定数量的测试DUT/SUT端口的转发速率与测试多播组的函数关系。
Discussion: A desirable attribute of many Internet mechanisms is the ability to "scale." This benchmark seeks to demonstrate the ability of a SUT to forward as the number of multicast groups is scaled upwards.
讨论：许多Internet机制的一个可取属性是“扩展”能力。此基准测试旨在证明SUT在多播组数量向上扩展时的转发能力。
Measurement units: Packets per second, with corresponding tested multicast group and port configurations.
测量单位：每秒数据包数，对应测试的多播组和端口配置。
Issues: The corresponding methodology may have to reflect the impact that the pairing (source, group) has on many multicast routing protocols.
问题：相应的方法可能必须反映配对（源、组）对许多多播路由协议的影响。
Since frame size can sometimes be a factor in frame forwarding benchmarks, the corresponding methodology for this metric will need to consider frame size distribution(s).
由于帧大小有时可能是帧转发基准中的一个因素，因此该度量的相应方法需要考虑帧大小分布（S）。
Definition: The maximum rate at which none of the offered frames to be forwarded through N destination interfaces of the same multicast group are dropped.
定义：通过同一多播组的N个目标接口转发的所有提供帧都不会被丢弃的最大速率。
Discussion: Another "scaling" type of exercise, designed to identify the DUT/SUT's ability to handle traffic as a function of the multicast destination ports it is required to support.
讨论：另一种“扩展”类型的练习，旨在确定DUT/SUT处理流量的能力，作为其所需支持的多播目标端口的函数。
Measurement units: The ordered pair (N,t) where,
测量单位：有序对（N，t），其中，
N = the number of destination ports of the multicast group. t = the throughput, in frames per second, relative to the source stream.
N=多播组的目标端口数。t=相对于源流的吞吐量，以每秒帧数为单位。
Issues: Since frame size can sometimes be a factor in frame forwarding benchmarks, the corresponding methodology for this metric will need to consider frame size distribution(s).
问题：由于帧大小有时可能是帧转发基准中的一个因素，因此该度量的相应方法需要考虑帧大小分布（S）。
Definition: The maximum rate at which frames offered a DUT are encapsulated and correctly forwarded by the DUT without loss.
定义：DUT封装并正确转发提供给DUT的帧而不丢失的最大速率。
Discussion: A popular technique in presenting a frame to a device that may not support a protocol feature is to encapsulate, or tunnel, the packet containing the unsupported feature in a format that is supported by that device.
讨论：向可能不支持协议功能的设备呈现帧时，一种流行的技术是以该设备支持的格式封装或隧道包含不支持功能的数据包。
More specifically, encapsulation refers to the act of taking a frame or part of a frame and embedding it as a payload of another frame. This benchmark attempts to characterize the overhead behavior associated with that translational process.
更具体地说，封装是指获取帧或帧的一部分并将其嵌入另一帧的有效负载的行为。该基准测试试图描述与转换过程相关的开销行为。
Measurement units: Frames per second.
测量单位：每秒帧数。
Issues: Consideration may need to be given with respect to the impact of different frame formats on usable bandwidth.
问题：可能需要考虑不同帧格式对可用带宽的影响。
Since frame size can sometimes be a factor in frame forwarding benchmarks, the corresponding methodology for this metric will need to consider frame size distribution(s).
由于帧大小有时可能是帧转发基准中的一个因素，因此该度量的相应方法需要考虑帧大小分布（S）。
Definition: The maximum rate at which frames offered a DUT are decapsulated and correctly forwarded by the DUT without loss.
定义：DUT对提供给DUT的帧进行解封并正确转发而不丢失的最大速率。
Discussion: A popular technique in presenting a frame to a device that may not support a protocol feature is to encapsulate, or tunnel, the packet containing the unsupported feature in a format that is supported by that device. At some point, the frame may be required to be returned its orginal format from its encapsulation wrapper for use by the frame's next destination.
讨论：向可能不支持协议功能的设备呈现帧时，一种流行的技术是以该设备支持的格式封装或隧道包含不支持功能的数据包。在某些时候，可能需要从封装包装器返回帧的原始格式，以供帧的下一个目标使用。
More specifically, decapsulation refers to the act of taking a frame or part of a frame embedded as a payload of another frame and returning it to the payload's appropriate format. This benchmark attempts to characterize the overhead behavior associated with that translational process.
更具体地说，解除封装是指将嵌入的帧或帧的一部分作为另一帧的有效载荷，并将其返回到有效载荷的适当格式的行为。该基准测试试图描述与转换过程相关的开销行为。
Measurement units: Frames per second.
测量单位：每秒帧数。
Issues: Consideration may need to be given with respect to the impact of different frame formats on usable bandwidth.
问题：可能需要考虑不同帧格式对可用带宽的影响。
Since frame size can sometimes be a factor in frame forwarding benchmarks, the corresponding methodology for this metric will need to consider frame size distribution(s).
由于帧大小有时可能是帧转发基准中的一个因素，因此该度量的相应方法需要考虑帧大小分布（S）。
Definition: The maximum rate at which frames of one encapsulated format offered a DUT are converted to another encapsulated format and correctly forwarded by the DUT without loss.
定义：DUT提供的一种封装格式的帧转换为另一种封装格式并由DUT正确转发而不丢失的最大速率。
Discussion: A popular technique in presenting a frame to a device that may not support a protocol feature is to encapsulate, or tunnel, the packet containing the unsupported feature in a format that is supported by that device. At some point, the frame may be required to be converted from one encapsulation format to another encapsulation format.
讨论：向可能不支持协议功能的设备呈现帧时，一种流行的技术是以该设备支持的格式封装或隧道包含不支持功能的数据包。在某些情况下，可能需要将帧从一种封装格式转换为另一种封装格式。
More specifically, re-encapsulation refers to the act of taking an encapsulated payload of one format and replacing it with another encapsulated format - all the while preserving the original payload's contents. This benchmark attempts to characterize the overhead behavior associated with that translational process.
更具体地说，重新封装是指获取一种格式的封装负载并用另一种封装格式替换它的行为，同时保留原始负载的内容。该基准测试试图描述与转换过程相关的开销行为。
Measurement units: Frames per second.
测量单位：每秒帧数。
Issues: Consideration may need to be given with respect to the impact of different frame formats on usable bandwidth.
问题：可能需要考虑不同帧格式对可用带宽的影响。
Since frame size can sometimes be a factor in frame forwarding benchmarks, the corresponding methodology for this metric will need to consider frame size distribution(s).
由于帧大小有时可能是帧转发基准中的一个因素，因此该度量的相应方法需要考虑帧大小分布（S）。
3.3 Forwarding Latency.
3.3 转发延迟。
This section presents terminology relating to the characterization of the forwarding latency of a DUT/SUT in a multicast environment. It extends the concept of latency presented in RFC 1242.
本节介绍与多播环境中DUT/SUT的转发延迟特性相关的术语。它扩展了RFC1242中提出的延迟概念。
Definition: The set of individual latencies from a single input port on the DUT or SUT to all tested ports belonging to the destination multicast group.
定义：从DUT或SUT上的单个输入端口到属于目标多播组的所有测试端口的一组单独延迟。
Discussion: This benchmark is based on the RFC 1242 definition of latency. While it is useful to collect latency between a pair of source and destination multicast ports, it may be insightful to collect the same type of measurements across a range of ports supporting that Group Class.
讨论：此基准测试基于RFC1242延迟定义。虽然收集一对源和目标多播端口之间的延迟是有用的，但在支持该组类的一系列端口上收集相同类型的度量可能是有见地的。
A variety of statistical exercises can be applied to the set of latencies measurements.
各种统计练习可应用于延迟测量集。
Measurement units: Time units with enough precision to reflect a latency measurement.
测量单位：具有足够精度以反映延迟测量的时间单位。
Definition: The difference between the maximum latency measurement and the minimum latency measurement from the set of latencies produced by the Multicast Latency benchmark.
定义：多播延迟基准生成的延迟集合中最大延迟度量和最小延迟度量之间的差异。
Discussion: This statistic may yield some insight into how a particular implementation handles its multicast traffic. This may be useful to users of multicast synchronization types of applications.
讨论：此统计数据可能会让您了解特定实现如何处理其多播流量。这可能对多播同步类型的应用程序的用户有用。
Measurement units: Time units with enough precision to reflect latency measurement.
测量单位：具有足够精度以反映延迟测量的时间单位。
This section presents terminology relating to the characterization of the overhead delays associated with explicit operations found in multicast environments.
本节介绍与多播环境中的显式操作相关的开销延迟特征相关的术语。
Definition: The time duration it takes a DUT to start forwarding multicast packets from the time a successful IGMP group membership report has been issued to the DUT.
定义：从成功向DUT发出IGMP组成员资格报告起，DUT开始转发多播数据包所需的持续时间。
Discussion: Many factors can contribute to different results, such as the number or type of multicast-related protocols configured on the device under test. Other factors are physical topology and "tree" configuration.
讨论：许多因素可能导致不同的结果，例如测试设备上配置的多播相关协议的数量或类型。其他因素包括物理拓扑和“树”配置。
Because of the number of variables that could impact this metric, the metric may be a better characterization tool for a device rather than a basis for comparisons with other devices.
由于可能影响该指标的变量数量较多，因此该指标可能是设备的更好表征工具，而不是与其他设备进行比较的基础。
Issues: A consideration for the related methodology: possible need to differentiate a specifically-forwarded multicast frame from those sprayed by protocols implementing a flooding tactic to solicit prune feedback.
问题：对相关方法的考虑：可能需要区分特定转发的多播帧与实现泛洪策略以请求修剪反馈的协议所喷射的帧。
While this metric attempts to identify a simple delay, the underlying and contributing delay components (e.g., propagation delay, frame processing delay, etc.) make this a less than simple measurement. The corresponding methodology will need to consider this and similar factors to ensure a consistent and precise metric result.
虽然该度量试图识别简单的延迟，但潜在的和有影响的延迟组件（例如，传播延迟、帧处理延迟等）使该度量不那么简单。相应的方法将需要考虑这个和类似的因素，以确保一致的和精确的度量结果。
Measurement units: Microseconds.
测量单位：微秒。
Definition: The time duration it takes a DUT to cease forwarding multicast packets after a corresponding IGMP "Leave Group" message has been successfully offered to the DUT.
定义：在相应的IGMP“离开组”消息成功提供给DUT后，DUT停止转发多播数据包所需的持续时间。
Discussion: While it is important to understand how quickly a device can process multicast frames; it may be beneficial to understand how quickly that same device can stop the process as well.
讨论：了解设备处理多播帧的速度很重要；了解同一个设备停止该过程的速度可能也是有益的。
Because of the number of variables that could impact this metric, the metric may be a better characterization tool for a device rather than a basis for comparisons with other devices.
由于可能影响该指标的变量数量较多，因此该指标可能是设备的更好表征工具，而不是与其他设备进行比较的基础。
Measurement units: Microseconds.
测量单位：微秒。
Issues: The Methodology may need to consider protocol-specific timeout values.
问题：方法可能需要考虑协议特定超时值。
While this metric attempts to identify a simple delay, the underlying and contributing delay components (e.g., propagation delay, frame processing delay, etc.) make this a less than simple measurement. Moreover, the cessation of traffic is a rather unobservable event (i.e., at what point is the multicast forwarded considered stopped on the DUT interface processing the Leave?). The corresponding methodology will need to consider this and similar factors to ensure a consistent and precise metric result.
虽然该度量试图识别简单的延迟，但潜在的和有影响的延迟组件（例如，传播延迟、帧处理延迟等）使该度量不那么简单。此外，通信量的停止是一个相当不可观察的事件（即，在什么时候，多播转发被视为在处理离开的DUT接口上停止？）。相应的方法将需要考虑这个和类似的因素，以确保一致的和精确的度量结果。
This section offers terms relating to the identification of multicast group limits of a DUT/SUT.
本节提供了与DUT/SUT的多播组限制标识相关的术语。
Definition: The maximum number of multicast groups a SUT/DUT can support while maintaining the ability to forward multicast frames to all multicast groups registered to that SUT/DUT.
定义：SUT/DUT可以支持的最大多播组数，同时保持将多播帧转发给注册到该SUT/DUT的所有多播组的能力。
Discussion:
讨论：
Measurement units: Multicast groups.
度量单位：多播组。
Issues: The related methodology may have to consider the impact of multicast sources per group on the ability of a SUT/DUT to "scale up" the number of supportable multicast groups.
问题：相关的方法可能必须考虑每个组的多播源对SUT/DUT的能力以“支持”可支持多播组的数量。
Network forwarding devices are generally required to provide more functionality than than the forwarding of traffic. Moreover, network forwarding devices may be asked to provide those functions in a variety of environments. This section offers terms to assist in the charaterization of DUT/SUT behavior in consideration of potentially interacting factors.
网络转发设备通常需要提供比流量转发更多的功能。此外，可以要求网络转发设备在各种环境中提供这些功能。本节提供了在考虑潜在交互因素的情况下，协助DUT/SUT行为特征化的术语。
3.6.1 Burdened Response.
3.6.1 沉重的反应。
Definition: A measured response collected from a DUT/SUT in light of interacting, or potentially interacting, distinct stimulii.
定义：根据相互作用或潜在相互作用的不同刺激，从DUT/SUT收集的测量响应。
Discussion: Many metrics provide a one dimensional view into an operating characteristic of a tested system. For example, the forwarding rate metric may yield information about the packet processing ability of a device. Collecting that same metric in view of another control variable can oftentimes be very insightful. Taking that same forwarding rate measurement, for instance, while the device's address table is injected with an additional 50,000 entries may yield a different perspective.
讨论：许多指标提供了测试系统运行特性的一维视图。例如，转发速率度量可以产生关于设备的分组处理能力的信息。从另一个控制变量的角度收集相同的度量通常是非常有见地的。例如，在设备的地址表中注入额外的50000个条目时，采用相同的转发速率度量可能会产生不同的视角。
Measurement units: A burdened response is a type of metric. Metrics of this this type must follow guidelines when reporting results.
测量单位：负载响应是一种度量。报告结果时，此类指标必须遵循指导原则。
The metric's principal result MUST be reported in conjunction with the contributing factors.
指标的主要结果必须与影响因素一起报告。
For example, in reporting a Forwarding Burdened Latency, the latency measurement should be reported with respect to corresponding Offered Load and Forwarding Rates.
例如，在报告转发负载延迟时，应根据相应的提供负载和转发速率报告延迟测量。
Issues: A Burdened response may be very illuminating when trying to characterize a single device or system. Extreme care must be exercised when attempting to use that characterization as a basis of comparison with other devices or systems. Test agents must ensure that the measured response is a function of the controlled stimulii, and not secondary factors. An example of of such an interfering factor would be configuration mismatch of a timer impacting a response process.
问题：当试图描述单个设备或系统的特征时，繁重的响应可能非常有启发性。在尝试使用该特性作为与其他设备或系统进行比较的基础时，必须格外小心。测试代理必须确保测量的响应是受控刺激的函数，而不是次要因素。这种干扰因素的一个例子是影响响应过程的定时器配置不匹配。
Definition: A multicast latency taken from a DUT/SUT in the presence of a traffic forwarding requirement.
定义：在存在流量转发需求的情况下，从DUT/SUT获取的多播延迟。
Discussion: This burdened response metric builds on the Multicast Latency definition offered in section 3.3.1. It mandates that the DUT be subjected to an additional measure of traffic not required by the non-burdened metric.
讨论：此负载响应指标建立在第3.3.1节中提供的多播延迟定义的基础上。它要求DUT接受非负荷指标不要求的额外流量测量。
This metric attempts to provide a means by which to evaluate how traffic load may or may not impact a device's or system's packet processing delay.
该度量试图提供一种方法来评估流量负载如何影响设备或系统的数据包处理延迟。
Measurement units: Time units with enough precision to reflect the latencies measurements.
测量单位：具有足够精度以反映延迟测量的时间单位。
Latency measurements MUST be reported with the corresponding sustained Forwarding Rate and associated Offered Load.
延迟测量必须报告相应的持续转发速率和相关的提供负载。
Definition: A multicast Group Join Delay taken from a DUT in the presence of a traffic forwarding requirement.
定义：在存在流量转发需求的情况下，从DUT获取的多播组加入延迟。
Discussion: This burdened response metric builds on the Group Join Delay definition offered in section 3.4.1. It mandates that the DUT be subjected to an additional measure of traffic not required by the non-burdened metric.
讨论：此负载响应指标基于第3.4.1节中提供的组加入延迟定义。它要求DUT接受非负荷指标不要求的额外流量测量。
Many factors can contribute to different results, such as the number or type of multicast-related protocols configured on the device under test. Other factors could be physical topology or the logical multicast "tree" configuration.
许多因素可能导致不同的结果，例如在被测设备上配置的多播相关协议的数量或类型。其他因素可能是物理拓扑或逻辑多播“树”配置。
Because of the number of variables that could impact this metric, the metric may be a better characterization tool for a device rather than a basis for comparisons with other devices.
由于可能影响该指标的变量数量较多，因此该指标可能是设备的更好表征工具，而不是与其他设备进行比较的基础。
Measurement units: Time units with enough precision to reflect the delay measurements.
测量单位：具有足够精度以反映延迟测量的时间单位。
Delay measurements MUST be reported with the corresponding sustained Forwarding Rate and associated Offered Load.
延迟测量必须报告相应的持续转发速率和相关的提供负载。
Issues: While this metric attempts to identify a simple delay, the underlying and contributing delay components (e.g., propagation delay, frame processing delay, etc.) make this a less than simple measurement. The corresponding methodology will need to consider this and similar factors to ensure a consistent and precise metric result.
问题：虽然该指标试图确定一个简单的延迟，但潜在的和有影响的延迟组件（例如，传播延迟、帧处理延迟等）使得这不是一个简单的测量。相应的方法将需要考虑这个和类似的因素，以确保一致的和精确的度量结果。
This document addresses metrics and terminology relating to the performance benchmarking of IP Multicast forwarding devices. The information contained in this document does not impact the security of the Internet.
本文档介绍与IP多播转发设备性能基准测试相关的度量和术语。本文档中包含的信息不会影响互联网的安全。
Methodologies regarding the collection of the metrics described within this document may need to cite security considerations. This document does not address methodological issues.
关于本文档中描述的指标收集的方法可能需要引用安全注意事项。本文件不涉及方法学问题。
The IETF BMWG participants have made several comments and suggestions regarding this work. Particular thanks goes to Harald Alvestrand, Scott Bradner, Brad Cain, Eric Crawley, Bob Mandeville, David Newman, Shuching Sheih, Dave Thaler, Chuck Winter, Zhaohui Zhang, and John Galgay for their insightful review and assistance.
IETF BMWG参与者就这项工作提出了一些意见和建议。特别感谢Harald Alvestrand、Scott Bradner、Brad Cain、Eric Crawley、Bob Mandeville、David Newman、Shuching Sheeh、Dave Thaler、Chuck Winter、Zhaohui Zhang和John Galgay的深刻评论和帮助。
[Br91] Bradner, S., "Benchmarking Terminology for Network Interconnection Devices", RFC 1242, July 1991.
[Br91]Bradner，S.，“网络互连设备的基准术语”，RFC 1242，1991年7月。
[Br96] Bradner, S., and J. McQuaid, "Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect Devices", RFC 1944, May 1996.
[Br96]Bradner，S.和J.McQuaid，“网络互连设备的基准测试方法”，RFC 1944，1996年5月。
[Hu95] Huitema, C. "Routing in the Internet." Prentice-Hall, 1995.
[Hu95]Huitema，C.《互联网中的路由》，普伦蒂斯大厅，1995年。
[Se98] Semeria, C. and Maufer, T. "Introduction to IP Multicast Routing." http://www.3com.com/nsc/501303.html 3Com Corp., 1998.
[Se98]Semeria，C.和Maufer，T.“IP多播路由简介”http://www.3com.com/nsc/501303.html 3Com公司，1998年。
[Ma98] Mandeville, R., "Benchmarking Terminology for LAN Switching Devices", RFC 2285, February 1998.
[Ma98]Mandeville，R.，“局域网交换设备的基准术语”，RFC 2285，1998年2月。
[Mt98] Maufer, T. "Deploying IP Multicast in the Enterprise." Prentice-Hall, 1998.
[Mt98]Maufer，T.“在企业中部署IP多播”，Prentice Hall，1998年。
Kevin Dubray IronBridge Networks 55 Hayden Avenue Lexington, MA 02421 USA
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