Network Working Group R. Guenther
Request for Comments: 2220 Library of Congress
Category: Informational Network Devt. & MARC Standards Office
October 1997
Network Working Group R. Guenther
Request for Comments: 2220 Library of Congress
Category: Informational Network Devt. & MARC Standards Office
October 1997
The Application/MARC Content-type
应用程序/MARC内容类型
Status of this Memo
本备忘录的状况
This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
本备忘录为互联网社区提供信息。它没有规定任何类型的互联网标准。本备忘录的分发不受限制。
Copyright Notice
版权公告
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1997). All Rights Reserved.
版权所有（C）互联网协会（1997年）。版权所有。
Abstract
摘要
This memorandum provides a mechanism for representing objects which are files of Machine-Readable Cataloging records (MARC). The MARC formats are standards for the representation and communication of bibliographic and related information. A MARC record contains metadata for an information resource following MARC format specifications.
本备忘录提供了一种表示机器可读编目记录（MARC）文件对象的机制。MARC格式是书目和相关信息表示和交流的标准。MARC记录包含符合MARC格式规范的信息资源元数据。
The MARC formats are sets of codes and content designators defined for encoding metadata for five types of data: bibliographic, holdings, authority, classification, and community information. The structure of MARC records is an implementation of national and international standards, ANSI Z39.2 (Information Interchange Format) and ISO 2709 (Format for Information Interchange). Codes and conventions in the formats identify and characterize data elements within a record and support the manipulation of those data.
MARC格式是一组代码和内容标识符，用于编码五种数据类型的元数据：书目、馆藏、权威、分类和社区信息。MARC记录的结构是国家和国际标准、ANSI Z39.2（信息交换格式）和ISO 2709（信息交换格式）的实施。格式中的代码和约定识别和描述记录中的数据元素，并支持对这些数据的操作。
MARC formats are communication formats, primarily designed to provide specification for the exchange of bibliographic and related information between systems. They are widely used in a variety of exchange and processing environments. They do not mandate internal storage or display formats to be used by different systems.
MARC格式是一种通信格式，主要用于为系统之间的书目和相关信息交换提供规范。它们广泛用于各种交换和处理环境。它们不要求不同系统使用内部存储或显示格式。
Since there are different flavors of MARC which would be processed by different applications, this content-type/subtype refers to the harmonized USMARC/CANMARC specification. Additional content-types/subtypes may be defined in the future (e.g. application/unimarc).
由于不同的应用程序会处理不同风格的MARC，因此该内容类型/子类型指的是统一的USMARC/CANMARC规范。将来可能会定义其他内容类型/子类型（例如应用程序/unimarc）。
MARC records involve three elements: the record structure, content designation, and data content. Only those records that contain all three elements according to the standard would use this content-type/subtype, i.e. content extracted from the structure would not. Since MARC does not mandate an internal storage format, parameters have not been assigned to specific implementations (e.g. OCLC-MARC, LC-MARC, etc.). In addition, parameters have not been defined for the specific type of MARC format (e.g. bibliographic, authority, holdings), since the information is contained in the Leader portion of the record.
MARC记录涉及三个要素：记录结构、内容名称和数据内容。根据标准，只有包含所有三个元素的记录才会使用此内容类型/子类型，即从结构中提取的内容不会使用。由于MARC不强制使用内部存储格式，因此未将参数分配给特定实现（例如OCLC-MARC、LC-MARC等）。此外，由于信息包含在记录的前导部分，因此没有为特定类型的MARC格式定义参数（例如书目、权限、持有量）。
To: ietf-types@iana.org
致：ietf-types@iana.org
Media type name: application
媒体类型名称：应用程序
Media subtype name: marc
媒体子类型名称：marc
Required parameters: None
所需参数：无
Optional parameters: None
可选参数：无
Encoding considerations: MARC records may contain long lines and/or arbitrary octet values. The base64 content-transfer-encoding is recommended for transmission of MARC over electronic mail.
编码注意事项：MARC记录可能包含长行和/或任意八位字节值。建议使用base64内容传输编码通过电子邮件传输MARC。
There are no known security risks associated with the use or viewing of MARC data. A MARC record may have security classification associated with the document it describes or metadata in that record. Although this does not present any security risk to the user of MARC data, it may provide an opportunity for a security breach for the source of classified MARC data.
使用或查看MARC数据不存在已知的安全风险。MARC记录可能具有与其描述的文档或该记录中的元数据相关联的安全分类。虽然这不会给MARC数据的用户带来任何安全风险，但它可能会为机密MARC数据的来源提供安全漏洞的机会。
MARC is a communication format and is designed for interoperability between different systems that may store data in local formats internally.
MARC是一种通信格式，旨在实现不同系统之间的互操作性，这些系统可以在内部以本地格式存储数据。
"USMARC Format for Bibliographic Data"; "USMARC Format for Authority Data"; "USMARC Format for Holdings Data"; "USMARC Format for Classification Data"; "USMARC Format for Community Information".
“书目数据的USMARC格式”；“权威数据的USMARC格式”；“持有数据的USMARC格式”；“分类数据的USMARC格式”；“社区信息的USMARC格式”。
Additional information: File extension: .mrc OID: 1.2.840.10003.5.10
其他信息：文件扩展名：.mrc OID:1.2.840.10003.5.10
Person & email address to contact for further information: Network Development & MARC Standards Office <ndmso@loc.gov> 101 Independence Ave. SE Library of Congress Washington, DC 20540-4102 U.S.A.
联系人和电子邮件地址，以获取更多信息：网络开发和MARC标准办公室<ndmso@loc.gov>美国华盛顿特区国会图书馆东南独立大道101号20540-4102。
Library of Congress, Network Development and MARC Standards Office, "USMARC Format for Bibliographic Data", 1994- .
美国国会图书馆，网络发展和MARC标准办公室，“书目数据的USMARC格式”，1994年-。
"USMARC Format for Authority Data", 1993- .
“权威数据的USMARC格式”，1993年-。
"USMARC Format for Holdings Data", 1989- .
“持有数据的USMARC格式”，1989年-。
"USMARC Format for Classification Data", 1991- .
“分类数据的USMARC格式”，1991年-。
"USMARC Format for Community Information", 1993- .
“社区信息的USMARC格式”，1993年-。
Rebecca Guenther Network Development & MARC Standards Office Library of Congress 101 Independence Ave. SE Washington, DC 20540-4102 U.S.A.
美国华盛顿特区东南独立大道101号国会图书馆Rebecca Guenther网络开发与MARC标准办公室，邮编20540-4102。
Phone: +1 (202) 707-5092
FAX: +1 (202) 707-0115
EMail: rgue@loc.gov
Phone: +1 (202) 707-5092
FAX: +1 (202) 707-0115
EMail: rgue@loc.gov
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1997). All Rights Reserved.
版权所有（C）互联网协会（1997年）。版权所有。
This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implmentation may be prepared, copied, published andand distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than English.
本文件及其译本可复制并提供给他人，对其进行评论或解释或协助其实施的衍生作品可全部或部分编制、复制、出版和分发，不受任何限制，前提是上述版权声明和本段包含在所有此类副本和衍生作品中。但是，不得以任何方式修改本文件本身，例如删除版权通知或对互联网协会或其他互联网组织的引用，除非出于制定互联网标准的需要，在这种情况下，必须遵循互联网标准过程中定义的版权程序，或根据需要将其翻译成英语以外的其他语言。
The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.
上述授予的有限许可是永久性的，互联网协会或其继承人或受让人不会撤销。
This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE."
本文件和其中包含的信息是按“原样”提供的，互联网协会和互联网工程任务组否认所有明示或暗示的保证，包括但不限于任何保证，即使用本文中的信息不会侵犯任何权利，或对适销性或特定用途适用性的任何默示保证。”